中考英语语法讲解资料及练习：句子种类（一）
我们都知道，根据句子的使用目的，句子可分为陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句。疑问句是常考的重点，也是要掌握的难点，这里我们先重点讲一下.
疑问句中我们只讲一讲难掌握的反意疑问句和特殊疑问句.
反意疑问句: 在陈述句之后附上一个简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句. 如前面陈述句部分是肯定式，后面问句部分一般用是否定式;如前一部分是否定式，后一部分一般用肯定式.前后两部分在人称，数及时态上通常保持一致. 如：You are a student，aren't you?(你是学生，对吗?)
在祈使句后面用反意疑问句，要注意人称的变化。 如：Go to the cinema，will you?
在省略的感叹句后面，要注意主语的单复数。 如：What fine weather，isn't it?
陈述句部分的主语如是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I. 如: I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
陈述部分用never，hardly，few，nothing,nobody,few,seldom,hardly,little 等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义. 如: He seldom came here,did he?
陈述句部分的谓语是used to时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't +主语. 如: He used to go to school at seven, didn't he? / usedn't he?
陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you? 如: You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
陈述部分有You'd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语. 如：You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
主语是everyone， someone，anyone，no one等不定代词时，多用they 指代. 如：Everyone is here，aren't they?(所有的人都来了吗?)
主语是everything，something，anthing，nothing时，用it 指代。省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。如: Don't do that again, will you? 注意 Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
特殊疑问句: 注意疑问词 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑问词的用法。
练习：
1. Don't forget to give the baby some food ,______?
A. will you?
B. shall we
C. won't you
D. do you
2. You have met before, _______?
A. haven't you
B. have you
C. do you
D. don't you
3. She has never read the book before, _______?
A. has she
B. hasn't she
C. is she
D. isn't she
4. Mike has to finish her work now, _______?
A. has he
B. hasn't he
C. does he
D. doesn't he
5. --"Don't smoke in the dining-hall, will you?"
-- "_________."
A. Yes, I agree
B. Yes, of course,
C. Yes, I don't think so
D. What's wrong
6. --______ did you stay in Urumqi last summer?
--For two weeks.
A. How often
B. How
C. How long
D. How many times
7. He nearly hurt himself in the accident, _______?
A. doesn't he
B. didn't he
C. did he
D. does he
8. --_______ will your aunt be back from work?
--In an hour.
A. How soon
B. How often
C. How long
D. What time
9. The old man had to do the farm work himself, ________?
A. did he
B. didn't he
C. had he
D. weren't he
10. --"________ do they have a meeting?"
--"Every two weeks."
A. How long
B. How often
C. When
D. What time
实践：
1. Mr Williams will visit our school again some _______ day.
A. the other
B. another
C. an other
D. other
2. We shall never laugh _________ people when they are _______ trouble.
A. on, in
B. at, in
C. on, to
D. to, at
3. "Thank you for your help.""_______."
A. You are welcome
B. It doesn't matter
C. You are kind
D. It's no need
4. To learn English well is not easy, ______ it is important for us.
A. and
B. so
C. or
D. but
5. "Must I get there before eight?""No, you______."
A. can't
B. mustn't
C. needn't
D. must
6. My sister isn't there, she _______ to Beijing.
A. went
B. will go
C. has been
D. has gone
7. New factory _______ in our hometown next year.
A. build
B. will build
C. will be built
D. is building
8. I don't think he is doing his homework,______?"
A. is he
B. isn't he
C. does he
D. don't I
9. I enjoyed _______ to school in the morning last year.
A. to run
B. run
C. runing
D. running
10. Sorry, I've kept you ________ for a long time.
A. wait
B. waiting
C. to wait
D. waited
11. _______ mother told _______ an interesting story yesterday.
A. Mine, I
B. My, I
C. My, me
D. My, my
12. His grandma ______ in 1968. She has been _________ for years.
A. died, died
B. dead, died
C. dead, died
D. died, dead
13. The old man is _______ under the tree.
A. lying
B. lie
C. laying
D. to lie
14. He runs ________ than his classmates.
A. fastest
B. the fastest
C. fast
D. faster
15. The twins' father is standing ________ them.
A. among
B. between
C. during
D. above
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习：句子种类（一）的延伸内容：尖子生经验谈：日常学习该如何安排
很多学生看上去很用功，可成绩总是不理想。原因之一是，学习效率太低。同样的时间内，只能掌握别人学到知识的一半，这样怎么能学好？学习要讲究效率，提高效率，途径大致有以下几点：
一、每天保证8小时睡眠 晚上不要熬夜，定时就寝。中午坚持午睡。充足的睡眠、饱满的精神是提高效率的基本要求。
二、学习时要全神贯注 玩的时候痛快玩，学的时候认真学。一天到晚伏案苦读，不是良策。学习到一定程度就得休息、补充能量。学习之余，一定要注意休息。但学习时，一定要全身心地投入，手脑并用。我学习的时侯常有陶渊明的“虽处闹市，而无车马喧嚣”的境界，只有我的手和脑与课本交流。
三、坚持体育锻炼 身体是“学习”的本钱。没有一个好的身体，再大的能耐也无法发挥。因而，再繁忙的学习，也不可忽视放松锻炼。有的同学为了学习而忽视锻炼，身体越来越弱，学习越来越感到力不从心。这样怎么能提高学习效率呢？
四、学习要主动 只有积极主动地学习，才能感受到其中的乐趣，才能对学习越发有兴趣。有了兴趣，效率就会在不知不觉中得到提高。有的同学基础不好，学习过程中老是有不懂的问题，又羞于向人请教，结果是郁郁寡欢，心不在焉，从何谈起提高学习效率。这时，唯一的方法是，向人请教，不懂的地方一定要弄懂，一点一滴地积累，才能进步。如此，才能逐步地提高效率。
五、保持愉快的心情，和同学融洽相处 每天有个好心情，做事干净利落，学习积极投入，效率自然高。另一方面，把个人和集体结合起来，和同学保持互助关系，团结进取，也能提高学习效率。
六、注意整理 学习过程中，把各科课本、作业和资料有规律地放在一起。待用时，一看便知在哪。而有的学生查阅某本书时，东找西翻，不见踪影。时间就在忙碌而焦急的寻找中逝去。我认为，没有条理的学生不会学得很好。
评：学习效率的提高，很大程度上决定于学习之外的其他因素，这是因为人的体质、心境、状态等诸多因素与学习效率密切相关。
总结 学习必须讲究方法，而改进学习方法的本质目的，就是为了提高学习效率。学习效率的高低，是一个学生综合学习能力的体现。在学生时代，学习效率的高低主要对学习成绩产生影响。当一个人进入社会之后，还要在工作中不断学习新的知识和技能，这时候，一个人学习效率的高低则会影响他(或她)的工作成绩，继而影响他的事业和前途。可见，在中学阶段就养成好的学习习惯，拥有较高的学习效率，对人一生的发展都大有益处。可以这样认为，学习效率很高的人，必定是学习成绩好的学生(言外之意，学习成绩好未必学习效率高)。因此，对大部分学生而言，提高学习效率就是提高学习成绩的直接途径。提高学习效率并非一朝一夕之事，需要长期的探索和积累。前人的经验是可以借鉴的，但必须充分结合自己的特点。影响学习效率的因素，有学习之内的，但更多的因素在学习之外。首先要养成良好的学习习惯，合理利用时间，另外还要注意“专心、用心、恒心”等基本素质的培养，对于自身的优势、缺陷等更要有深刻的认识。总之，“世上无难事，只怕有心人。”
|
