中考英语语法讲解资料及练习:时态一
提起时态,当然是指动词的时态啦。过去、现在和未来等不同时间段发生的事情要用不同的时态来表示。时态是动词的一种形式,表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和方式。闭上眼睛想一想,初中我们学过的时态有几个? 初中我们共学过八种时态。本讲将这几个时态总体介绍一下:
一般现在时:常与always,often,sometimes, every day连用,表示习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态。提醒你当第三人称单数做主语时,别忘了动词的变化。注意:象"地球大,月亮小"等客观真理、事实一定用一般现在时。
现在进行时:要注意其构成:由be+动词+ing,表示说话时正在进行的动作。如:We're studying now. 我们现在正在学习。
一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与yesterday,last year,in 1949,two years ago,等表示过去时间的状语连用。注意:We often went to dance last summer.有的同学一见到often就想到用一般现在时,其实因为后面有表示过去时间的 last summer,所以要用过去式,千万别误用了,切记,切记。
过去进行时:显然过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在做什么,常和特定的时间状语如at that time,at six yesterday,at that moment,when he came in等连用。如: When he knocked at the door,his mother was cooking.
一般将来时:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来时间状语如 next year,tomorrow等连用。注意:在Will you ....?问句中,回答必须是 Yes,I will.或 No,I won't而不能用Yes,I shall. No, I shan't.来回答过去将来时:过去将来时不可以单独使用,它一般在宾语从句中作间接引语,表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如:They told me that they would go to work in Guangdong.
现在完成时:顾名思义,现在完成时表示的是已经完成的动作,但动作造成的影响还在,常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。如:He has already gone to Tianjin. 对现在造成的影响是他已经不在这儿了。现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在,常带有for或since等表示一段时间的状语。如:Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,我们常用"过"来表示,常带有twice, once, ever, never等时间状语。如:I've never seen that film.
过去完成时:我们可以用"过去的过去"来概括过去完成时,表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作,通常与by,before等构成的短语或when, before, after引导的从句连用。也可表示过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作,常和for或since构成的时间状语连用。用法和现在完成时大致相同,只不过又向前推了一个时态。
八个时态可能得让你好好对付一阵子,但细细学来,也并不困难。不信吗? 试试趁热打铁你就知道了。
练习:
1. The zoo _______ in the north of the city.
A. lies
B. builds
C. seems
D. lying
2. --Tom ______out.
--Oh, is he? What time _______ he ______ out?
A. is, did, go
B. went, is, going
C. has gone, did, go
D. is going, does, go
3. --It must be on channel 2. Try that.
--I ______ that. But I still can't get anything.
A. have tried
B. tried
C. try
D. will do
4. They usually ________ TV in the evening.
A. watch
B. will watch
C. are watching
D. watches
5. He has _______ for about twelve years.
A. bought the house
B. left here
C. lived here
D. gone here
6. The two old man ________ each other since 1970.
A. didn't seen
B. don't see
C. haven't see
D. won't see
7. Lucy and Lily can speak good Chinese, because they ______ China for six years.
A. have been in
B. have been to
C. have come to
D. have gone to
8. --Our country ______ a lot so far.
--Yes, I hope it will be even ________.
A. has changed , well
B. changed, good
C. has changed , better
D. changed, better
9. --I saw Ann _______ a green dress at the meeting.
--I think she looks better _______ red.
A. dressed , in
B. put on, wear
C. wearing, in
D. wear, put on
10. --I didn't come to school because my mother was ill yesterday.
--I am sorry ______ that.
A. hearing
B. hear
C. hears
D. to hear
实践:
1. There will be ______ interesting film tomorrow evening.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. some
2. --What's that over there ?
-- It's ______ bag.
A. I
B. me
C. my
D. mine
3. The students of Class One ______ on the playground.
A. am playing
B. is playing
C. are playing
D. was playing
4. You'd better _______ late next time!
A. not be
B. not to be
C. won't be
D. don' t be
5. He always gets up early, _______ he?
A. is
B. isn't he
C. does
D. doesn't
6. ______ tall the building is!
A. How a
B. How
C. What
D. What a
7. Lesson Seven is ________ one in this book.
A. important
B. more important
C. most important
D. the most important
8. I will call you as soon as she ________ back.
A. comes
B. come
C. came
D. will come
9. He put on his coat ______ went out.
A. and
B. but
C. or
D. so
10. --______ I get there before six o'clock?
-- No, you needn't.
A. Can
B. May
C. Must
D. Shall
11. Their baby was born ______ April 2, 1997.
A. in
B. on
C. at
D. by
12. Her father is busy _______ the truck.
A. mend
B. mends
C. mended
D. mending
13. We ________ the floor when she left.
A.sweep
B. swept
C. were sweeping
D. are sweeping
14. He wants ________ some apples and oranges.
A. to buy
B. buys
C. bought
D. buy
15. Do you understand ______?
A. what did he say
B. he said what
C. what does he say
D. what he said
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习:时态一的延伸内容:尖子生经验谈:日常学习该如何安排
很多学生看上去很用功,可成绩总是不理想。原因之一是,学习效率太低。同样的时间内,只能掌握别人学到知识的一半,这样怎么能学好?学习要讲究效率,提高效率,途径大致有以下几点:
一、每天保证8小时睡眠 晚上不要熬夜,定时就寝。中午坚持午睡。充足的睡眠、饱满的精神是提高效率的基本要求。
二、学习时要全神贯注 玩的时候痛快玩,学的时候认真学。一天到晚伏案苦读,不是良策。学习到一定程度就得休息、补充能量。学习之余,一定要注意休息。但学习时,一定要全身心地投入,手脑并用。我学习的时侯常有陶渊明的“虽处闹市,而无车马喧嚣”的境界,只有我的手和脑与课本交流。
三、坚持体育锻炼 身体是“学习”的本钱。没有一个好的身体,再大的能耐也无法发挥。因而,再繁忙的学习,也不可忽视放松锻炼。有的同学为了学习而忽视锻炼,身体越来越弱,学习越来越感到力不从心。这样怎么能提高学习效率呢?
四、学习要主动 只有积极主动地学习,才能感受到其中的乐趣,才能对学习越发有兴趣。有了兴趣,效率就会在不知不觉中得到提高。有的同学基础不好,学习过程中老是有不懂的问题,又羞于向人请教,结果是郁郁寡欢,心不在焉,从何谈起提高学习效率。这时,唯一的方法是,向人请教,不懂的地方一定要弄懂,一点一滴地积累,才能进步。如此,才能逐步地提高效率。
五、保持愉快的心情,和同学融洽相处 每天有个好心情,做事干净利落,学习积极投入,效率自然高。另一方面,把个人和集体结合起来,和同学保持互助关系,团结进取,也能提高学习效率。
六、注意整理 学习过程中,把各科课本、作业和资料有规律地放在一起。待用时,一看便知在哪。而有的学生查阅某本书时,东找西翻,不见踪影。时间就在忙碌而焦急的寻找中逝去。我认为,没有条理的学生不会学得很好。
评:学习效率的提高,很大程度上决定于学习之外的其他因素,这是因为人的体质、心境、状态等诸多因素与学习效率密切相关。
总结 学习必须讲究方法,而改进学习方法的本质目的,就是为了提高学习效率。学习效率的高低,是一个学生综合学习能力的体现。在学生时代,学习效率的高低主要对学习成绩产生影响。当一个人进入社会之后,还要在工作中不断学习新的知识和技能,这时候,一个人学习效率的高低则会影响他(或她)的工作成绩,继而影响他的事业和前途。可见,在中学阶段就养成好的学习习惯,拥有较高的学习效率,对人一生的发展都大有益处。可以这样认为,学习效率很高的人,必定是学习成绩好的学生(言外之意,学习成绩好未必学习效率高)。因此,对大部分学生而言,提高学习效率就是提高学习成绩的直接途径。提高学习效率并非一朝一夕之事,需要长期的探索和积累。前人的经验是可以借鉴的,但必须充分结合自己的特点。影响学习效率的因素,有学习之内的,但更多的因素在学习之外。首先要养成良好的学习习惯,合理利用时间,另外还要注意“专心、用心、恒心”等基本素质的培养,对于自身的优势、缺陷等更要有深刻的认识。总之,“世上无难事,只怕有心人。”
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