新东方网络课堂：2011职称英语理工类英语概括大意（5） The Science of Sport 1 At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑运动员) Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast. 2 Record-breaking in all track events is slowing down and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. So what's behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds? 3 Most experts agree that it isn't the athletes' bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed, but the help of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athlete's body and mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance. 4 Scientists have shown that an athlete's body's needs vary according to the type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular needs. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力) sports and require a different parathion (硝苯硫磷脂) to that of a 100-metre sprinter. In some sports, changes in techniques have significantly improved performance. 5 But in any sport, a player's success or failure results from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance. For example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization (相象) techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice. 6 But as science, begins to dominate sport, are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition, the sporting challenge? What's more, are all these advantages fair? 23 Paragraph 2 24 Paragraph 3 25 Paragraph 4 26 Paragraph 5 A Science may be too important today. B Sports equipment has been improved a lot. C Athletes are still breaking records. D Sport science helps improve athletes' performances. E Mental training is as important as physical training. F Different sports require different training programs. 27 It is more difficult for today's athletes . 28 We don't know if there is a limit . 29 Research has helped coaches . 30 Scientific advances are suspected . A to break records B to better understand the athlete's body and mind C to time and space D to be replacing the sporting challenge E to human performance F to avoid psychological techniques 答案与解析： 分析文章标题：the science of sports 分析被选项小标题： A Science may be too important today. B Sports equipment has been improved a lot. C Athletes are still breaking records. D Sport science helps improve athletes' performances. E Mental training is as important as physical training. F Different sports require different training programs. 直接解题：转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com A Science may be too important today. B Sports equipment has been improved a lot. C Athletes are still breaking records. D Sport science helps improve athletes' performances. E Mental training is as important as physical training. F Different sports require different training programs. 23 Paragraph 2 答案; C(break records是段落主题词) 2 Record-breaking in all track events is slowing down and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. So what's behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds? A Science may be too important today. B Sports equipment has been improved a lot. D Sport science helps improve athletes' performances. E Mental training is as important as physical training. F Different sports require different training programs. 24 Paragraph 3 答案：E(段首句是段落主题句) 3 Most experts agree that it isn't the athletes' bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed, but the help of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athlete's body and mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance. A Science may be too important today. B Sports equipment has been improved a lot. E Mental training is as important as physical training. F Different sports require different training programs. 25 Paragraph 4 答案：F(段首句是段落主题句) 4 Scientists have shown that an athlete's body's needs vary according to the type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular needs. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力) sports and require a different parathion (硝苯硫磷脂) to that of a 100-metre sprinter. In some sports, changes in techniques have significantly improved performance. A Science may be too important today. B Sports equipment has been improved a lot. E Mental training is as important as physical training. 26 Paragraph 5 答案：答案(E：段首句是段落主题句) 5 But in any sport, a player's success or failure results from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance. For example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization (相象) techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice. A to break records B to better understand the athlete's body and mind C to time and space D to be replacing the sporting challenge E to human performance F to avoid psychological techniques 27 It is more difficult for today's athletes . 答案：该句是形式主语的结构， 因此空格处只能出现不定式结构， 动名词结构， 或that引导的从句结构， 因此答案只能为A， (B)， D， (F)。 借助句意可直接判断答案为A。 1 At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑运动员) Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast. 2 Record-breaking in all track events is slowing down and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. So what's behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds? B to better understand the athlete's body and mind C to time and space D to be replacing the sporting challenge E to human performance F to avoid psychological techniques 28 We don't know if there is a limit . 答案：a limit to sth…/…的极限， 因此只有E是答案(C放入空格中与文章主题偏差较远) 1 At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑运动员) Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast. 2 Record-breaking in all track events is slowing down and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. So what's behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds? B to better understand the athlete's body and mind C to time and space D to be replacing the sporting challenge F to avoid psychological techniques 29 Research has helped coaches . 答案：B。 help sb. do sth./to do sth. 答案只能来自B， D和F。 |
