2014年职称英语理工类C级阅读理解真题(word版)1

　　第4部分，阅读理解

　　Approaches to Understanding Intelligences

　　It bays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.

　　Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences .

　　Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.

　　Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .

　　Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .

　　Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has Identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, Interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .

　　31. What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A. How to understand intelligence.

　　B. The importance of intelligence.

　　C. The development of intelligence tests.

　　D. How to become intelligent.

　　32. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?

　　A. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.

　　B. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.

　　C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.

　　D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.

　　33. Gardner believes that ________.

　　A. children have different intelligences.

　　B. all children are alike.

　　C. children should take one intelligence test.

　　D. there is no general intelligence.

　　34. According to Gardner, schools should ________.

　　A. test students’ IQs.

　　B. train students who do poorly on tests.

　　C. focus on finding the most intelligent students.

　　D. promote development of all intelligences.

　　35. Gardner thinks that his theory has a ________ .

　　A. musical foundation.

　　B. biological foundation.

　　C. intrapersonal foundation.

　　D. linguistic foundation.

　　答案：ABADB

2014年职称英语理工类C级阅读理解真题(word版)1的延伸阅读——2016年职称英语考试备考经验之考试六大误区

　　误区一：职称英语考试很简单，因为只考阅读，不考语法和词汇。

　　职称英语的确是只考查阅读而不直接考语法和词汇，但这并不等于不懂英语语法和不认识基本英语词汇就可以通过考试。职称英语考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力，要求应试者对指定的考查文章做出阅读判断、概括段落大意、补全句子或文章所缺内容及正确理解文章内容而选出正确答案。尤其是阅读理解部分的测试，含盖了对应试者六大能力的考查，而不仅仅是对所读内容的字面理解。阅读是建立在基本语法知识的掌握和基础词汇的认知上，没有扎实、系统的语法知识，如何理清文章中句子之间的繁杂关系呢?没有一定数量的基础词汇，又如何能弄懂由词汇组成的句子呢?由此可见，阅读理解能力的考查实际是对应试者职称英语综合能力包括语法、词汇、阅读、判断、理解、逻辑推理和中心概括等的测试，是一种难度较高的能力测试。

　　误区二：职称英语考试可以带词典进考场，因此不需要记单词。

　　一本词典可以搞定一场考试，可能吗?且不说在考场上你是否有时间或有心情将不认识的单词一个个都查出来，单是考试阅读文章题材涉及方方面面，形式复杂，内容多样，一本词典的词汇量岂能覆盖所有?不如说，一本词典在手参加考试对应试者来说只是一种心理上的安慰和依赖，如果平时不注意记忆词汇、积累基本词汇，只靠一本词典去闯考场是注定通不过的。

　　误区三：考试内容在教材上占一定比例，只要把教材内容背熟就能通过考试。

　　众所周知，职称英语配有一本指定教材，每年都有一定比例的试题出自该教材上。但最近几年，考试出题越来越灵活，而教材上内容原封不动地搬到考卷上的情况几乎不存在了，试题多多少少被进行了改动。因此，不吃透教材而完全靠背答案或文章段落来应付考试是不可行的。

　　误区四：只需复习所报专业、级别的职称英语文章就可以了。

　　职称英语教材分为综合、理工和卫生三个类别，其中，理工和卫生教材中综合类和专业类的文章各占50%(近几年，专业类文章有增多的趋势)。每个类别的教材中又将文章按不同的难度等级分为ABC三个级别。对考生来说，单复习自己所考类别和级别的文章是不够的，这几年考试中，综合类文章出现在理工和卫生的试卷上及各级别串考的现象屡见不鲜。因此，考生在复习时还应该扩大复习范围，做到“横向覆盖，上下贯通”。

　　误区五：每年教材中都有一部分新增加的内容替换掉旧内容，只要掌握了新增内容，考试就没有问题。

　　不错，每年教材中是有一部分新增加的内容而替换掉以往考过或过时的文章，这些新增加的内容也是本年度考查的重点。但这并不是说只要把新增内容和答案背下来就算拿到了这部分分数。教材中的内容在考试中所占的比例毕竟是少数，每年约30%，另外的70%为教材以外的测试内容，那么，这一大部分内容怎样才能把握住呢?其实，我们只要明白教材和大纲是我们复习和准备考试的指引方向，就不难理解30%和70%之间的关系了。教材上的文章新旧都不重要，重要的是我们在弄清了文章的意思和相配的练习后，应该对文章类型、提问方式、测试重点、题型和难度做一个深度的分析，那么教材外的那70%必定就在我们的掌控中了。

　　误区六：职称英语考试不需要复习，临时掌握答题技巧就可以应付。

　　任何知识都有其系统性和完整性。而所谓的答题技巧，则是在熟练、系统、完整地掌握所学知识的基础上总结出的规律和公式。对知识的掌握越深入和熟练，这种技巧的总结也就越丰富和灵验。因此，跳过基础知识的学习，而一味强调答题技巧，则好比是在架空的钢丝上行走，战战兢兢还心里没底，这样的复习容易走偏，非但起不到好的复习效果，反而会对职称英语产生歪曲的认识和误解。