托福考试辅导:语法讲解(5) 考点二 定冠词the 定冠词限定名词时主要表示特指,针对TOEFL应注意以下几点: (1) the和可数名词单数连用,表示一类人或物,如: the fern(蕨类), the wallflower (2) 序数词之前必须用the,如: the first woman, the nineteenth century 但前面有物主代词时除外,如 my first baby (3) 形容词最高级之前必须用the(有物主代词时除外),如: the largest city, the most advanced technology (4) of连接的名词前多用the, 如: the development of the watch, (5) 世界上独一无二的东西前应加the, 如: the globe(地球),the equator(赤道), the moon, the sun 在下列情况下,一般不用the: (1) 表示人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前, 一般不加,如: Dennis Chavez(人名),Alaska(地名),English(英语), February(二月), America(美国) 但是在表示海洋、海峡、江、河、山脉、群岛等专有名词时要加上the the Great Lakes(美国五大湖), the Changjiang River(长江) (2) 无特指的不可数名词前,如: algebra(代数学), advertising, accounting(会计学) (3) 表示类别的复数名词前,如: Historians believe that…, Amphibians(两栖动物) hatch from… (4) 一些固定词组中,如: in history, in nature, at work, at home , go to school, go to bed, in bed 乘车的词组: by train(乘火车), by car (乘汽车), by bicycle(骑脚踏车), by bus (乘公共汽车), by land(由陆路), by sea (由海路), by water (由水路) , by air (通过航空) on foot (步行), by plane(乘飞机), by ship (乘船), 打球的词组: play tennis, play baseball, play basketball 注意:表示职位的词之前的冠词有无均可, 如:He was elected (the) chairman of the committee. 例题: (D) Historically, ---- chief material for making furniture has been wood, but metal and stone have also been used. (A) it was the (B) that the (C) there was a (D) the 答案:D 解释:空格后是主谓句,A、C可先排除,B使原句只有从句没有主句,只剩下D可选,D是定冠词作名词material的限定词,表特指 (2) The Yukon River, which flows into the Bering Sea, gives its name to a region of Alaska and a territory of the Canada. 应改为:of 解释:Canada是国名,属专用名词,之前不能加定冠词 (3) The development of professional sports in the United States dates back tonineteenth century. 应改为:to the nineteenth 解释:nineteenth是序数词,之前应加the |
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