2015年考研英语一真题:Section II Reading ComprehensionPart B In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your explicit knowledge of English grammar (41) ______you begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where. The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagement inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______ Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) _______ Such background material inevitably reflects who we are, (44) _______This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values. How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it. (45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment. [A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room. [B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others. [C]If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them. [D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended. [E] You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity-inferences that from the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible. [F]In plays, novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts. [G] Rather, we ascribe meanings to text on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text. 2015年考研英语一真题:Section II Reading Comprehension的延伸阅读——考研英语阅读高分技巧 考研英语阅读中关键词语和词组涉及到了命题的许多考点，即列举、举例、引用、因果关系、转折、对比、类比、数字和年代、专有名词、特殊标点符号、最高级和绝对性词汇等。考生但凡遇到这累题型就应该保持敏感性，及时做上标记。考生，对于专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名称、书籍文章影视作品的名称等，考生不需要用太多时间去理解其每一个词的意思，只要做上标记到时候能够找到即可。有时候一些专有名字非常长而且包括了很多生词，如一些地名和机构的名称，在阅读过程中可以考虑跳过以加快速度。 考研英语阅读理解的文章中总是会出现考生不认识的单词，即使考生掌握了所有的大纲词汇，也会有一些超纲词汇的出现。考生千万不要因为读不懂一些单词就望而生畏，产生挫折感。有一些陌生词语并不会影响对全文的理解，有一些则可以通过上下文、背景知识、以及构词法等猜出意思。因此，在阅读过程中遇到不认识的单词时，大家只要做简单的分析猜测词义或者跳过即可。 |
