2013职称英语卫生类完形填空习题及答案(二)

The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints【指纹消失事件】

    One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints. Losing   1   could become troublesome. A case released online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a   2  of losing fingerprints is.

Eng-HuatTan, a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine to _  3 _ his nasopharyngeal cancer. After three years on the   4   ,the patient decided to visit U. S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U.S customs officials          5   4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get fingerprints from the man. There were no distinctive swirly   6   appearing from his index finger.

U. S. customs3 has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years, Tan says. Their index fingers are   7   and screened against digital files of the fingerprints of bad guys—terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country. Unfortunately, for the Singaporean traveler, one potential    8   effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads.   9 , no fingerprints.

"It is uncertain when fingerprint loss will   10  to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine," Tan points out. So he cautions any physicians who   11   the drug to provide their patients with a doctor's note pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.

Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States. I guess the name on his passport didn't raise any red flags. But he's also now got the explanatory doctor's note—and won't leave home  12   it.

 By the way, maybe the Food and Drug Administration,  13 approved use of the drug 11 years ago, should consider    14     its list of side effects associated with this medicine. The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting, stomach pain and some other side effects. But no where    15    it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.

    词汇：    

    Fingerprint n．指纹          nasopharyngeal吐鼻咽的adj.

    Whorl  n．罗纹，箩状指纹    swirly  adj彩旋涡状的   

    Annals  n.年报               digit  n．数字

    oncology  n．肿瘤学           onset n．开始

    capecitabine  n．卡培他滨    vomit  v．呕吐

    注释：

    1．capecitabine卡培他滨。是一种口服的化疗药物，用于治疗转移性乳腺癌、大肠癌、咽喉癌等，以减缓肿瘤生长。

    2．index finger:食指

    3．U．S．customs:美国海关o customs视作一个组织，用作单数名词，所以在文章中后接has。

    4.  terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping out of the country：我们的联邦卫士的职责是要把那些恐怖分子和疑似罪犯档在国门之外。关系代词that引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰terrorists and potential criminals。that在定语从句中作keeping的宾语。

    5．traveler:旅行者。traveler是美国英语的拼法。英国英语的拼法是traveller。

    6．the tissue on the finger pads:指尖上的肉垫组织

    7．Eventually，the Singapore traveler made it into the United States：那位新加坡旅客终于进入了美国。make it into意为“进入”。

    8．red flags：（表示危险的）红旗，即危险信号。挥动红旗表示危险，最初用于铁路，后来西方公司等用英文词red flags或红色小旗表示业绩下降等。

    9．the Food and Drug Administration:美国食品和药物局

    10.  The current list does note：现有的副作用清单中确实列出。在肯定句谓语动词前加用do/ does/did，是为了强调该动词，汉语可译为“确实”。如：He speaks Chinese, English,  French, Spanish and Russian.

    He does speak Chinese,  English, French, Spanish and Russian.

    （他确实会说汉语，英语，法语，西班牙语和俄语。）

练习：

  1.  A   he   B them      C her     D him

答案与题解：

1.答案B

解析：根据上下文的意思，失去( losing)的应该是fingerprints。fingerprints是复数形式，指代它的代词是them。其他三个代词都不合适。

2.答案D

解析：前面两个句子说，失去指纹是一大问题。本句说，要举出一个实例以说明失去指纹会造成极大的困扰。所以只有选项D最合适。

3.答案A

解析：第二段描述了实例的细节。第一句说病人用一种药名为卡培他滨的抗癌药治疗他的鼻咽癌。所以treat是必然的选择。cut(切割)，find（寻找）和smooth（弄平）都与上下文接不上。

4.答案C

解析：从上下文判断，“After three years on the.…（经过三年的……）”的后面应该接“用药”、“治疗”等字眼，所以选drug是正确的。选recovery（康复），diet（节食）或diagnosis（诊断）都与后面提到的病人进入美国受阻的事件接不上。

5.答案C

解析：for表示时间上“达到”，for4 hours意为“长达4小时”。

6.答案B

解析：美国海关因为采集不到那位癌症患者的指纹样本，于是盘问了他4小时。所以本句提到的swirly应该与marks搭配，意思是“旋涡状指纹标记”。

7.答案A

解析：为了防止恐怖分子和罪犯进入美国，美国海关通过电脑对外国入境者进行指纹采样，然后与指纹库进行比照。根据常理，海关要检查每一位外国人的指纹。采样的手指是食指。

8.答案D

解析：实例中的新加坡人用了抗癌药品后的一个副作用是指纹消失，这是一种不良反应。所以，选good, main, normal,(正常的)都不符合上下文的意思，只有side才是答案。Side effect意为“副作用”。

9.答案B

解析： 前面句子体积的服抗癌症药是银，本段最后一句是果，连接词应该用Hence。而However表示转折关系，Moreover和Furthermore表示“进一步”的关系，与上文连接不上。

10.答案A

解析：本段表达的意思是：由于癌症病人服用卡陪他滨后指纹何时开始消失还不清楚，所以主治医生要提前为病人开具指纹可能会消失的证明单。 To take place(发生)之前填上like，decide 或have 都与上下文的意思接不上，只有begin最合适。

11.答案D

解析： 参阅上一题的题解。本题四个选项中的英语词的前三个字母都是pre一，只要知道prescribe的词义是“开处方”，就会选D。

12.答案C

解析：第五段的意思是那位病人已经拿到医生开具的指纹消失证明单，现在他出门旅行不会不带上它。本题without是答案。

13.答案D

解析：哪一个政府机构许可( approved)使用该类抗癌药？就是本段第一句提到的the Food and Drug Administration。四个选项中，只有关系代词which能指代the Food and Drug Administration，它是approved动作的发出者。

14.答案A

解析：最后一段表达的意思是：过去该药列出的不良反应只包括呕吐等，没有列出指纹消失这一副作用，现在应该补上这一条。所以，updating（更新）是答案。

15.答案B

解析：最后一段最后一句中，为了强调no where，将它移到句首，这时，原句的“it does not mention the potential for loss of fingerprints”就要写成强调句形式的“no where dose it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints”。所以，答案是B。