研究生入学考试英语模拟试题(一)
Part I Structure and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D）Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. （5 points）
Mr.Jones, I am really pleased _____ you. And I hope we will be able to see each other in not long time.
A） to meet
B） to have met
C） at meeting
D） having met
The two astronauts _____ someday hope it is to fly the craft into earth orbit were fighttesting.
A） that
B） whom
C） whose
D） who
The meeting _____ in October, put the plan has been put off again and again.
A） was to have been held
B） ought to have held
C） was to be held
D） must have been held
It's true that the old road is less direct and a bit bympy. We won't take the new one _____ because we feel as safe on it.
A） however
B） though
C） nevertheless
D） whatsoever
Every device _____ in the spacecraft must be designed and made with great care so as to be sure that nothing goes wrong in operation. A） to be fitted
B） fitted
C） fitting
D） to have been fitted
There are many kinds of synthetic materials, _____ plastics are the most common.
A） between which
B） of which
C） in which
D） among which
I don't believe you are going to have the matter looked into today, _____?
A） are you
B） do you
C） aren't you
D） don't you
_____ that a society like the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to children is still needed in a civilized country.
A） How does it come
B） How it comes
C） How did it come about
D） How did it come
When we encounter more difficulties, we should be more spirited, and we should be more courageous _____.
A） the more danger we are in
B） the more in danger we are
C） we are in more danger
D） we are in danger more
While the total number of farmers engaged in the agriculture production is barely half _____ it used to be in 1959, the size of the average farm has tripled.
A） that
B） what
C） which
D） how
Section B
Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D）Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.（5 points）
I often wonder（A） what（B） my life would be like if I didn't go（C） to the beach that afternoon when I was 14（D）。
After teaching（A） in Renmin University's MBA center for five years, I come（B） to realize that even if（C） political and economic barriers are overcom（D） a major hurdle remains - culture!.
Since the United States and Canada academic exchanges（A） in 1979, colleges sand universities in America have responded with（B） great enthusiasm, as（C） has（D） their counterparts from the PRC）
Many young consumers do not have（A） steady incomes, so（B） they might have difficulty to borrow（C） money from an agency in business to make loans（D）。
I cannot come to your dinner party tonight. I was（A） really glad to（B）， but I have（C） a precious engagement（D）。
Panic increased the（A） number of casualties as people jumped into the frozen（B） water or fought to be（C） among the few to board（D） the lifeboats.
He often advised Tom not to（A） smoke more cigarettes than is（B） good for（C） his health, but all his efforts ended in vain（D）。
Change purse, cosmetics, and whatever（A） a woman thinks has（B） to carry, I hide in（C） several paper bags in a see-through（D） shopping bag.
There is always resistance to the idea that（A） it is because the birth rate fell earlier in western and nothwestern Europe than elsewhere（B）， rather than because（C） if any change in the death rate, which（D） a nation has grown so old.
I'll be much obliged（A） if you will be（B） so kind enough（C） as to make suggestions as to（D） how we may improve our work.
Section C
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D）Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）
To acquire education is principal way of gaining status in a culture that generally stresses achievement, skillfulness, and upward _____.
A）mobility
B）motivation
C）ambition
D）promotion
In order to convince the director to agree on their plan, they _____ a number of reports which supported their argument.
A）brought out
B）brought forth
C）call forth
D）put forward
These young people have much to be dissastisfied with, and they sometimes do _____, but on the whole they study hard, knowing the problems the states is facing.
A）grumble
B）frustrate
C）frown
D）perplex
Members of the party all appreciate Jackson's wanting to help them _____ their difficulties.
A）come over
B）tide over
C）take over
D）smooth over
I have offered a prediction that the reforms run a very high risk of being _____ by a general collapse of confidence in the ruble.
A）set back
B）let down
C）hold back
D）run down
This apartment could _____ a family of ten in a minimal space by using sofas，and dual?purpose furniture，all built－in.
A）reside
B）possess
C）embrace
D）accommodate
All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully _____ the risks and benefits.
A）weighing
B）valuing
C）evaluating
D）distinguisting
If English is not our first language you can often be puzzled by ways of expression that the native speakers of English does not even have to _____ .
A）think out
B）think about
C）think over
D）think for
The bond of true affection had pulled us six very different men from six very different countries across Antarctica；we proved in the end that we weren't very different _____ .
A）for all
B）as usual
C）after all
D）in particular
No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country. _____ is this more true than in Europe.
A）Hardly
B）Little
C）Seldom
D）Nowhere
That summer I drove west with a friend，and we _____ a little money doing odd jobs and as much as possible visited his relatives.
A）picked up
B）stepped up
C）put aside
D）set aside
The body apparently resents being dosed with unusual amounts of a vitamin or mineral and its first _____ is to excrete them.
A）reaction
B）impulse
C）response
D）instinct
It is true that there are still abundant reserves of metals which have not yet been _____ ，but it is necessary to take steps to ensure that alternative materiasls are substituted whenever possible.
A）utilized
B）mobilized
C）acquired
D）cultivated
Researchers _____ that genes may determine the strength of the immune system，which could help explain how an infectious disease could have a hereditary link.
A）speculate
B）estimate
C）evaluate
D）anticipate
She had on the dress that I used to admire more than anything else in her possession a light blue one _____ prettily with lace.
A）ornamented
B）trimmed
C）furnished
D）decorated
In a sense，tennis and Taijiquan are similar in that they both require your full attention，and if done _____ ，take your mind off daily problems and preoccupations.
A）successfully
B）consecutively
C）conscientiously
D）compulsorily
Such apartments as she saw were either disgustingly dirty or _____ dear,or both.
A）exceedingly
B）substantially
C）unaccountably
D）excessively
Deprived of the financial means to remain independent，Thomas Edison was compelled to _____ employment as a night telephone operator.
A）obtain
B）chase
C）explore
D）seek
Under her administration，claim the critics， _____ high－rise construction has destroyed the character of the city's downtown，darkening its streets and driving business.
A）rapid
B）rampant
C）speedy
D）random
When the tank can carrying poisonous gas ran off the rails，the firemen tried to _____ the village from all traffic.
A）dismiss
B）insulate
C）isolate
D）expel
Part Ⅱ Cloze Test
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labelled A,B,C and D） Choose the best one and put your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）
Throughout history, gold has been a precious material, eagerly sought and cherished. It was probably the first metal to be 41 because it is beautiful and imperishable, and because beautiful objects can be made from it even with 42 tools. However, the amount of gold known to ancient peoples probably 43 not much more than the amount produced each year by the world's largest gold mine in South Africa.
The intrinsic value of gold has always been known, even before gold was used in coinage. It 44 the only universally recognized standard of value in international monetary 45 .Most of the world's 46 gold is absorbed by governments and central banks to provide backing for paper 47 ,but the amount of gold used in the arts and in industry is 48 .In 49 to its use for jewelry,decorative finishes,and dentistry, its special properties have 50 many applications in modern science and technology.
41.A）mined B）discovered C）purchased D）manufactured
42.A）delicate B）primitive C）sophisticated D）ingenious
43.A）added B）summed C）amounted D）totalled
44.A）remains B）is remained C）remains as D）remains of
45.A）exchange B）exhibition C）expedition D）excursion
46.A）reformed B）refined C）resolved D）reclaimed
47.A）production B）currency C）replacement D）distribution
48.A）stabilizing B）decreasing C）increasing D）recovering
49.A）comparison B）compensation C）standardization D）addition
50.A）drawn from B）derived from C）led to D）resorted to
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D）Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.（40 points）
Passage 1
The full influence of mechanization began shortly after 1850, when a variety of machines came rapidly into use. The introduction of these machines frequently created rebellions by workers who were fearful that the machines would rob them of their work. Patrick Bell, in Scotland, and Cyrus McCormick, in United States, produced threshing machines. Ingrnious improvements were made in plows to compensate for different soil types. Stream power came into use in 1860s on large farms. Hay rakes, hay-loaders, and various special harvesting mechines were produced. Milking machines appeared. The internal-combustion engine run by gasline became the chief power source for the farm.
In time, the number of certain farm machines that came into use skyrocketed and changed the nuture of farming. Between 1940 and 1960, for example, 12 million horses and mules gave way to 5 million tractors. Tractors offer many features that are attractive to farmers. There are, for example, numerous attachments: cultivators that can penetrate the soil to varying depths, rotary hoes that chop needs; spray devices that can spray pesticides in bands 100 feet across, and many others.
A piece of equipment has now been invented or adapted for virtually every laborious hand or animal operation on the farm. In the United States, for example, cotton, tobacco, hay, and grain are planted, treated for pests and diseases, fertilized, cultivated and harvested by machine. Large devices shake fruit and nut from trees, grain and blend feed, and dry grain and hay. Equipment is now available to put just the right amount of fertilizer in just the right place, to spray an exact row width, and to count out, space, and plant just the right number of seeds for a row.
Mechanization is not used in agriculture in many parts of Latin America, Africa. Agriculture innovation is accepted fastest where agriculture is already profitable and progressive. Some mechanization has reached the level of plantation agriculture ub parts of the tropics, but even today much of that land us laboriously worked by people leading draft animals pulling primitive plows.
The problems of mechanization some areas are not only cultural in nature. For examples, tropical soils and crops differ markedly from those in temperate areas that the machines are designed for, so adaptations have to be made. But the greatest obstacle to machanization is the fear in underdeveloped countried that the workers who are displaced by machines would not find work elsewhere. Introducing mechanization into such areas requires careful planning.
The first paragraph uses several examples to convey the ideas that _____ .
A） the introduction of machines into agricultural work created rebellions on the part of the farmers
B） the use of internal-combustion engine as a shief power source for the farm produced great influence
C） the mechanization of agricultural work after 1850 gradually robbed many farmers of their work
D） ingenious improvements were made in farming machines in the 1860s to yield production
In the first sentence of the second paragraph，the word“skyrocketed”most probably means _____ .
A）became various
B）was updated
C）increased rapidly
D）remained the same
In the tropical areas， _____ .
A）mechanization is not yet used in agriculture
B）agriculture is accepted fastest
C）a lot of farm work is still done in the old way
D）mechanization is avoided to save primitive forest
By saying that“the problems of mechanizing some areas are not only cultural in nature，the author means _____ .
A）mechanization is not yet introduced in some areas for economic reasons
B）human and animal labour in some areas are less expensive
C）culture is not a factor in obstacling the introduction of mechanization
D）different kinds of mechanized farming tools are used in different cultures
Passage 2
Advertising is a form of selling. For thousands of years there have been individuals who have tried to persuade ohers to buy the food they have produced or the goods they have made or the services they can perform.
But the mass production of goods resulting from the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century made person-to-person selling less effucuent than it previously was for most products. The mass distribution of goods that followed the development of rail and highway systems made person-to-person selling too slow and expensive for almost all companies. At the same time, however, a growth in mass communication occurred first in newspapers and magzines, than radio and television that made mass selling possible. Advertising, then, is merely selling or selemanship functioning in the paid space or time of various mass communication media.
The objective of any advertisement is to convince people that it is in their best interests to take an action the advertiser is recommending. The action may be to purchase a product, go to a showroom to try the product, use a service, vote for political candidate, make a contribution, or even to join the army. Like any personal salesperson, the advertisement tries to persuade. The decision is the prospect's.
While advertising brings the economies of mass selling to the manufacturer, it produces benefits for the consumer ass well. Some of those economies are passed along to the purchaser so that the cost of a product sold primarily through advertising is usually far less than one sold through personal salespeople advertising brings people immediate news about products that have just come on the market. Finally, advertising pays for the programs on commercial television and radio and for about two thirds of the cost publishing magzines and newspapers.
Person?to?person sale failed to meet the need _____ .
A）when the Industrial Revolution started
B）when goods began to be produced in great quantities
C）because trains replaced men in carrying goods around
D）as attention was shifted from distribution to production
From the last sentence of the second paragraph we learn _____ .
A） advertising is no different from person-to-person selling in substance
B） advertising extends sales promotion to a larger area
C） advertising has greatly improved the production of goods
D） it is very expansive to advertises a new product
By saying that”the decision is the prospect's“，the author means _____ .
A） advertisement often persuades people to buy what they don't really want
B） advertisement can never really influence people's ability to decide
C） whether to buy an advertised product is up to the would-be customer
D） the effect of an advertisement on the public is difficult to determine
The last paragraph is mainly about _____ .
A）the cost of advertising a product
B）the effect of advertisement on people's lives
C）the benefits advertisement brings
D）various media for advertising products
Passage 3
Historians may well look back on the 1980s in the United States as a time of rising affluence side?by?side with rising poverty. The growth in affluence is attributable to an increase in professional and technical jobs, along with more two?career couples whose combined incomes provide a ”comfortable living“。Yet simultaneously, the nation's poverty rate rose between 1973 and 1983 from 11.1 percent of the population to 15.2,or by well over a third. Although the poverty rate declined somewhat after 1983, it was still held at 13.5 percent in 1987, comprising a population of 32.5 million Americans.
The definition of poverty is a matter of debate. In 1795, a group of English magistrates decided that a minimum income should be ”the cost of a gallon loaf of bread, multiplied by three, plus an allowance for each dependent“。Today the Census Bureau defines the threshold of poverty in the United States as the minimum amount of money that families need to purchase a nutritionally adequate diet, assuming they use one?third of their income for food. Using this definition, roughly half the American population was poor in the aftermath of the Great Depression of the 1930s. By 1950, the proportion of the poor had fallen to 30 percent and by 1964, to 20 percent. With the adoption of the Johnson administration's antipoverty programs, the poverty rate dropped to 12 percent in 1969.But since then, it has stopped falling. Liberals contend that the poverty line is too low because it fails to take into account changes in the standard of living. Conservatives say that it is too high because the poor receive other forms of public assistance, including food stamps, public housing subsidies, and health care.
In which of the following years did the poor people constitute the largest proportion of the American population?
A）1973
B）1987
C）1969
D）1983
It can be inferred that poverty _____ .
A）is defined very concretely in every period
B）is difficult to define in specific terms
C）is defined in material terms
D）is defined according to the standard of each decade
Those who consider the poverty line high points out that _____ .
A）the poor people enjoy other benefits
B）the society as a whole is not well?off
C）the poor people may conceal their real income
D）the poor people need less money to support themselves
In the eighties, the Americans as a whole _____ .
A）became richer
B）became poorer
C）lived a poorer life than in the seventies
D）needed more jobs to support their families
Passage 4
The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid.The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyone's expenience in the organization.
Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subjest of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of AT & T, Coca ?Cola, Prudential, and Merch. Coleman says that based on what he's seen at big companies, he weighs the different elements that make for long?term career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%; image,30%; and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases,it won't secure you the big promotion.
He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are.
Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, especially many women and members of minority races who, like Coleman, feel that the scales have dropped from their eyes. ”Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs,“says Kaleel Jamison, a New York?based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. ”They think that if you work hard, you'll get ahead that soneone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion.“ She added, ”Most women and blacks are so fightened that people will think they've gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibility.“ Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight.
According to the passage，”things formerly judged to be best left unsaid“（Para.1）probably refers to” _____ “。
A）the opinions which contradict the established beliefs
B）criticisms that shape everyone's experience
C）the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eye
D）the ideas which usually come up with new ways of management in the organization
To achieve success in your career，the most important factor，according to the passage，is to _____ .
A）work as a consultant to your superiors
B）project a favorable image to the people around you
C） let your superiors know how good you are
D）perform well your tasks given by your superiors
The reason why women and blacks play down their visibility is that they _____ .
A）know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotion
B）don't want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or color
C）don't want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefs
D）believe they can get promoted by reason of their sex or color
The best title for this passage would be _____ .
A）The Importance of Being Visible
B）Role of Women and Minorities in Management
C）Job Performance and Advancement
D）Sex and Career Success
Passage 5
I came to live here where I am now between Wounded Knee Creek and Grass Creek. Others came too, and we made there little gray houses of logs that you see, and they are square. It is a bad way to live, for there can be no power in a square.
You have noticed that everything an Indian does is in a circle, and that is because the Power of the World always works in circles, and everything tries to be round. In the old days when we were a strong and happy people, all our power came to us from the sacred hoop of the nation, and so long as the hoop was unbroken, the people flourished.The flowering tree was the living center of the hoop, and the circle of the four quarters nourished it .The east gave peace and light, the south gave warmth, the west gave rain, and the north with its cold and mighty wind gave strength and endurance. This knowledge came to us from the outer world with our religion.
Everything the Power of the World does is done in a circle. The sky is round, and I have heard that the earth is round like a ball, and so are all the stars. The wind, in its greatest power, whirls. Birds make their nests in circles, for theirs is the same religion as ours. The sun comes forth and goes down again in a circle. The moon does the same, and both are round. Even the seasons form a great circle in their changing, and always come back again to where they were. The life of a man is a circle from childhood to childhood, and so it is in everything where power moves. Our tepees were round like the nests of birds, and these were always set in a circle, the nation's hoop, a nest of many nests,where the Great Spirit meant for us to hatch our children.
But the Wasichus have put us in these square boxes. Our power is gone and we are dying, for the power is not in us any more. You can look at our boys and see how it is with us. When we were living by the power of the circle in the way we should, boys were men at twelve or thirteen years of age. But now it takes them very much longer to mature.
From the passage, we can see that the Indians _____ .
A）don't have modern facilities in their homes
B）are content to live where they are
C）are strongly dissatisfied with their present status
D）are demanding better housing conditions
To the narrator, roundness stands for _____ .
A）a future better life
B）the past glorious life
C）the past achievements of the Indians
D）nature around the Indians
In the third sentence of paragraph 2,the ”four quarters“refers to _____ .
A）the four corners of the Indians' houses
B）the four elements that are believed to make up everything
C）the four seasons
D）the four directions
In the first sentence of paragraph 4, ”Wasichus“ probably refers to _____ .
A）the Indian's enemies
B）the white men
C）the Great Spirit
D）the Power of the World
Part IV English?Chinese Translation
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.（15 points）
There's a lot of information technology packed between the leather cheeks of your wallet cheque cards，credit cards，travel cards，phone cards.（71） The world of finance in particular has come up with numerous devices that have made their way into our back pocket－to make it easier to spend，but，just as important，to keep track .The number of financial transactions in the UK has risen enormously in recent years.Excluding small daily cash deals，there are now more than 1000 transactions per person annually.（72） And for every one a record must be made of the sum，the parties involved and the purpose.
73） Plastic money is big business：there are more than 420 million Visa cards alone on the planet,worth something in the region of &700 billion,and the total of plastic transactions is expected to reach &4.8 billion in Britain by the end of the century.
Common to all cards is that they are made of PVC（plastic）and have ferro－magnetic strip on the back－the same stuff as video tape.On most strips，information（such as the current account number）is encoded by laser on two or three tracks.（74） What is never recorded on the strip is the PIN（personal identification number）－the holder's secret password for withdrawing money.
75） When a card is placed in an ATM，a motorized reader scans the magnetic strip，requests the user's PIN，checks the balance and，all being well，dispenses the cash. If the user enters three wrong PINs，the card is retained and recorded stolen.
As today's technology goes，the magnetic strip that allows all this to happen is pretty primitive：OK for travel cards and season tickets，but not a reliable anti－security measure.It can be read by simple scanning machines that can be bought over the counter at electronic stores.
With the introduction of smart cards and electronic money，security will cease to be a problem－at least for a while －and all other cards will be irrelevant.The wallet of the future may be slimmer，but the data in it will be denser than ever.
Part V Writing （15 points）
Directions：
A）Title: On TV Viewing
B）You should write an essay on the outline below in no less than 150 words.
C）Your essay should be written on Answer Sheet II
Outlines：
1.Advantasges of TV Viewing
2.Disadvantasges of TV Viewing
3.Your comments on it.
研究生入学考试英语模拟试题(一)的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧
一，重视单词。
从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天，考试大纲词汇就应不离手，因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础，所以考生一定要重视。背单词时，可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子，然后跟同桌的研友们对话，或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”，同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动，把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出，这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。
二，日积月累。
作为一门语言，充满了繁琐与细节的，想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的，必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的，如果你一天安排3个小时学英语，那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间，最大限度地降低遗忘率，以获得较好的学习效果。
三，研读真题。
历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径，也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境，先用一周的时间做一套真题，做完后，对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的，错在哪里，能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型，也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题，还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题，建议考生放20天左右的时间，重新再做真题，分析自己的做题思路，考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外，希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做，做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。
四，增加课外阅读。
课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位，对提高成绩有很大作用，建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志，阅读上面的文章，也会有不少收获。如果有条件，看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书，有的话坚持看，肯定会有收获的！
希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助，另外，大家在学习英语学习方法时，要从自身实际出发，选择真正适合自己的复习方法。 |
