硕士研究生入学考试英语命题预测试卷(八)
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（ 10 points ）
Some call it the Smart Shooter, a new rifle for American infantry troops that is two weapons in one, is accurate up to 1,000 yards and in 1 fires 2 corners. Its message to enemies is that they can run but they can?t hide.
Still in the development phase, the rifle for 2006 has just been 3 off with great 4 by the Pentagon to members of Congress who will be asked to 5 the money. The makers, Alliant Techsystems, say that the weapon will revolutionise 6 combat much as the machine gun.
Pentagon jargon has given the new gun a（an） 7 title:the Objective Individual Combat Weapon. 8 one trigger, the rifle can fire a standard 5?56mm Nato bullet and a 20mm high explosive shell that will burst in the air. It can 9 shrapnel behind, 10 or even from the side of enemy troops who have taken 11 behind a building. The shell can be 12 to explode after a short delay. The weapon?s 1,000 yard accuracy is twice 13 of other rifles, made possible by a laser system built into the sight. This rangefinder fixes the target, measures the distance and passes it along to a computer chip in the shell.
The gunsight has an infrared lens for night 14. It can also have video camera with a zoom lens that is linked to a video display attached to the soldier?s helmet, allowing him to aim 15 without exposing himself to enemy return fire. But there are snags still be 16 out. Two men were 17 when a shell burst in a barrel during firing tests. The rifle weighs more than 181b. There are questions whether its electronic innards will be rugged enough for rain, snow and difficult 18.
Michael Klare, a professor of peace and world security issues and a board member of the Arms Control Association, says that the Pentagon is seeking this combination of firepower and automation to compensate for the uncertain aim of GIs. He said:“Soldiers won?t have to worry about careful steady aim. They?ll just look 19 the viewfinder and 20 the trigger.”
1?A?reality B?affect C?effect D?operation
2?A?at B?in C?beyond D?around
3?A?put B?shown C?checked D?given
4?A?pride B?anxiety C?honor D?expectation
5?A?put up B?count in C?pay for D?look for
6?A?Land B?Ground C?Earth D?Base
7?A?novel B?brilliant C?powerful D?awkward
8?A?Used B?Fixed C?Using D?Fixing
9?A?spray B?spatter C?splash D?sprinkle
10?A?over B?on C?above D?upon
11?A?aim B?cover C?risks D?heed
12?A?estimated B?calculated C?seeded D?timed
13?A?as B?that C?than D?much
14?A?vision B?sight C?observation D?speculation
15?A?exactly B?precisely C?accurately D?correctly
16?A?removed B?ironed C?made D?drawn
17?A?injured B?hurt C?harmed D?wounded
18?A?terrain B?domain C?field D?territory
19?A?at B?over C?into D?through
20?A?push B?pull C?press D?jerk
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D? Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1?（40 points）
Text 1
It is all very well to blame traffic jams,the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life,but manners on the roads are becoming horrible.Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel.It is all very well,again,to have a tiger in the tank ,but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter altogether.You might tolerate the odd road?hog,the rude and inconsiderate drive,but nowadays the well?men?neared motorist is the exception to the rule.Perhaps the situation calls for a “Be kind to Other Drivers”campaign,otherwise it may get completely out of hand.
Road politeness is not only good manners,but good sense too.It takes the most cool?headed and good?tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior.On the other hand,a little politeness goes along way towards relieving the tensions of motoring.A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions.But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today.Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However,misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic,when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway;or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time.The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to.It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.
A veteran driver,whose manners are faultless,told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper.Unfortunately,modern motorists can't even learn to drive,let alone master the subtler aspects of boatmanship.Years ago the experts warned us that the car?ownership explosion would demand a lot more give?and?take from all road users.It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
21?According to the first paragraph,which of the following reflects the situation on the roads?
A?Traffic Jams are mainly caused by the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life.
B?The manners of the drivers are the only reason for the traffic jams.
C?“Be kind to other drivers” is a campaign to change the rude drive.
D?People can not tolerate good manners on the road.
22?The author argues that road politeness.
A?can better the traffic unconditionally
B?calls for a driver's cool?headed and good?tempered personality
C?can be found after the modern traffic conditions stand up
D?are acknowledged by most drivers
23?Which of the following does NOT illustrate misplaced politeness?
A?Encouraging old ladies to cross the road at any time they want.
B?Braking suddenly to allow a car to emerge from a side street.
C?A motorist driving into traffic streams without considering others.
D?Waving a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles.
24?According to the experts,facing the car?ownership explosion,we should.
A?be more considerate yield to each other
B?communicate with each other more often
C?have a cool head and good temper
D?avoid misplaced politeness
25?The author's attitude towards road politeness seems to be.
A?suspiciousB?indifferentC?ironical D?objective
Text 2
In the warm enclosed waters of farm ponds,conditions are very likely to be lethal for fish when insecticides are applied in the vicinity.As many examples show,the poison is carried in by rains and runoff from surrounding lands.Sometimes the ponds receive not only contaminated runoff but also a direct dose as crop?dusting pilots neglect to shut off the duster in passing over a pond.Even without such complications,normal agricultural use subjects fish to far heavier concentrations of chemicals than would be require to kill them.In other words a marked reduction in the enclosure nets used would hardly change the lethal situation, for applications of over 0.1 pound per acre to the pond itself are generally considered hazardous.And the poison,once introduced is hard to get rid of.One pond that has been treated with DDT（杀虫剂） to remove unwanted shiners remained so poisonous through repeated drainings and flushings that it killed 94 percent of the sun fish with which it was later stocked.Apparently the chemical remained in the mud of the pond bottom.
Conditions are evidently no better now than when the modern insecticides first came into use.The Oklahoma Wildlife Conservation Department stated in 1961 that reports of fish losses in farm ponds and small lakes had been coming in at the rate of at least one a week,and that such reports were increasing.The conditions usually responsible for these losses in Oklahoma were those made familiar by repetition over the years: the application of insecticides to crops,heavy rain,and poison washed into the ponds.
In some parts of the world the cultivation of fish in ponds provides an in dispensable source of food.In such places the use of insecticides without regard for the effects of fish creates immediate problems.In Rhodesia,for example,the young of an important African food fish are killed by exposure to only 0.04 parts per million of DDT in shallow pools.Even smaller doses of many other insecticides would be lethal.The shallow waters in which these fish live are favorable mosquito?breeding places.The problem of controlling mosquitoes and at the same time conserving a fish important in the Central African diet has obviously not been solved satisfactorily.
26.The author's tone in this passage can be best described as .
A?reportorialB?sarcastic
C?condemnatoryD?mournful
27.According to the passage,the one factor that is not responsible for the presence of insecticides in ponds is .
A?the weather bringing in rains
B?human error in crop?dusting
C?common farming methods
D?industrialization use of chemicals
28.The author uses the case of the Rhodesian fish in order to .
A?show the harmful effects of killing fish
B?prove that problems are the same everywhere
C?show that fish is an indispensable source in diet
D?consider the problem of controlling mosquitoes
29.In this passage,what the author does not do is .
A?state a problemB?give examples
C?propose a solutionD?relate causes
30.The last sentence of this passage means that .
A?you can not control mosquitoes if you want to conserve an important fish
B?you can not conserve an important fish if you want to control mosquitoes
C?the Central Africans will have no fish to eat if this fish can't be protected properly
D?it is not so easy and satisfactory to solve these two problems at the same time
硕士研究生入学考试英语命题预测试卷(八)的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧
一，重视单词。
从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天，考试大纲词汇就应不离手，因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础，所以考生一定要重视。背单词时，可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子，然后跟同桌的研友们对话，或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”，同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动，把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出，这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。
二，日积月累。
作为一门语言，充满了繁琐与细节的，想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的，必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的，如果你一天安排3个小时学英语，那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间，最大限度地降低遗忘率，以获得较好的学习效果。
三，研读真题。
历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径，也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境，先用一周的时间做一套真题，做完后，对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的，错在哪里，能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型，也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题，还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题，建议考生放20天左右的时间，重新再做真题，分析自己的做题思路，考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外，希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做，做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。
四，增加课外阅读。
课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位，对提高成绩有很大作用，建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志，阅读上面的文章，也会有不少收获。如果有条件，看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书，有的话坚持看，肯定会有收获的！
希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助，另外，大家在学习英语学习方法时，要从自身实际出发，选择真正适合自己的复习方法。 | 
