2010年考研英语全真模拟试题及答案精析一2
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （40 points）
Text 1
“I've never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines of his lab at Texas A&M University. “It's a stupid endeavor.” That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year-or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of man's best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.
Westhusin's experience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy's DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when you're dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.
Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin's phone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missy's mysterious owner, who wishes to remain unknown to protect his privacy. He's plopped down $3.7 million so far to fund the research because he wants a twin to carry on Missy's fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy's owners and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clone differs from Missy.”
The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusin's work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we're not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”
1. Which of the following best represents Mr. Westhusin's attitude toward cloning?
［A］ Animal cloning is a stupid attempt.
［B］ Human cloning is not yet close to getting it worked out.
［C］ Cloning is too inefficient and should be stopped.
［D］ Animals cloning yes, and human cloning at least not now.
2. The Missyplicity project does not seem very successful probably because _____.
［A］ there isn't enough fund to support the research
［B］ cloning dogs is more complicated than cloning cats and bulls
［C］ Mr. Westhusin is too busy taking care of the business
［D］ the owner is asking for an exact copy of his pet
3. When Mr. Westhusin says “… cloning is dangerous,” he implies that _____.
［A］ lab technicians may be affected by chemicals
［B］ cats and dogs in the lab may die of diseases
［C］ experiments may waste lots of lives
［D］ cloned animals could outlive the natural ones
4. We can infer from the third paragraph that _____.
［A］ rich people are more interested in cloning humans than animals
［B］ cloning of animal pets is becoming a prosperous industry
［C］ there is no distinction between a cloned and a natural dog
［D］ Missy's master pays a lot in a hope to revive the dog
5. We may conclude from the text that _____.
［A］ human cloning will not succeed unless the technique is more efficient
［B］ scientists are optimistic about cloning technique
［C］ many people are against the idea of human cloning
［D］ cloned animals are more favored by owners even if they are weaker
Text 2
For more than two decades, U.S. courts have been limiting affirmative-action programs in universities and other areas. The legal rationale is that racial preferences are unconstitutional, even those intended to compensate for racism or intolerance. For many colleges, this means students can be admitted only on merit, not on their race or ethnicity. It has been a divisive issue across the U.S., as educators blame the prolonged reaction to affirmative-action for declines in minority admissions. Meanwhile, activists continue to battle race preferences in courts from Michigan to North Carolina.
Now, chief executives of about two dozen companies have decided to plunge headfirst into this politically unsettled debate. They, together with 36 universities and 7 nonprofitable organizations, formed a forum that set forth an action plan essentially designed to help colleges circumvent court-imposed restrictions on affirmative action. The CEOs' motive: “Our audience is growing more diverse, so the communities we serve benefit if our employees are racially and ethnically diverse as well”， says one CEO of a compang that owns nine television stations.
Among the steps the forum is pushing: finding creative yet legal ways to boost minority enrollment through new admissions policies; promoting admissions decisions that look at more than test scores; and encouraging universities to step up their minority outreach and financial aid. And to counter accusations by critics to challenge these tactics in court, the group says it will give legal assistance to colleges sued for trying them. “Diversity diminished by the court must be made up for in other legitimate, legal ways,” says, a forum member.
One of the more controversial methods advocated is the so-called 10% rule. The idea is for public universities-which educate three-quarters of all U.S. undergraduates-to admit students who are in the top 10% of their high school graduating class. Doing so allows colleges to take minorities who excel in average urban schools, even if they wouldn't have made the cut under the current statewide ranking many universities use.
1. U.S. court restrictions on affirmative action signifies that______.
［A］minorities no longer hold the once favored status
［B］the quality of American colleges has improved
［C］racial preferences has replaced racial prejudice
［D］the minority is on an equal footing with the majority
2. What has been a divisive issue across the United States?
［A］Whether affirmative action should continue to exist.
［B］Whether this law is helping minorities or the white majority.
［C］Whether racism exists in American college admission.
［D］Whether racial intolerance should be punished.
3. CEOs of big companies decided to help colleges enroll more minority students because they_____.
［A］think it wrong to deprive the minorities of their rights to receive education
［B］want to conserve the fine characteristics of American nation
［C］want a workforce that reflects the diversity of their customers
［D］think it their duty to help develop education of the country
4. The major tactic the forum uses is to_____.
［A］battle the racial preferences in court
［B］support colleges involved in lawsuits of racism
［C］strive to settle this political debate nationwide
［D］find legally viable ways to ensure minority admissions
5. If the 10% rule is applied, ______.
［A］the best white high school students can get into colleges
［B］public universities can get excellent students
［C］students from poor rural families can go to colleges
［D］good minority students can get into public universities
2010年考研英语全真模拟试题及答案精析一2的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧
一，重视单词。
从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天，考试大纲词汇就应不离手，因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础，所以考生一定要重视。背单词时，可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子，然后跟同桌的研友们对话，或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”，同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动，把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出，这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。
二，日积月累。
作为一门语言，充满了繁琐与细节的，想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的，必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的，如果你一天安排3个小时学英语，那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间，最大限度地降低遗忘率，以获得较好的学习效果。
三，研读真题。
历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径，也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境，先用一周的时间做一套真题，做完后，对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的，错在哪里，能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型，也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题，还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题，建议考生放20天左右的时间，重新再做真题，分析自己的做题思路，考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外，希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做，做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。
四，增加课外阅读。
课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位，对提高成绩有很大作用，建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志，阅读上面的文章，也会有不少收获。如果有条件，看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书，有的话坚持看，肯定会有收获的！
希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助，另外，大家在学习英语学习方法时，要从自身实际出发，选择真正适合自己的复习方法。 | 
