2010考研英语完型填空的题源分析及标准答案
2010年的考研英语完型填空部分，使用了2009年6月6日 Economist 《经济学人》杂志上的一篇文章，文章主要内容，是对社会学上一个经典的理论：霍桑效应的批判和反思。文章难度适中。命题专家在出题的时候也进行了一定程度的改写。下面结合原文，我来公布一下标准答案。
Light work; Questioning the Hawthorne effect
June 6, 2009
WHEN America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the HawthornePlant near Chicago in 1924, it hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting affected （第一题答案为A）workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended up （第二题答案为B）giving their name to the “Hawthorneeffect”, the extremely influential idea that the very act （第三题答案为C）of being experimented upon changes subjects' behaviour.
The idea arose because of the perplexing （第四题答案为B）behaviour of the women （who assembled relays and wound coils of wire）（题目中此处删除） in theHawthorneplant. According to accounts （第五题答案为C）of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not matter （第六题答案为B）what was done; so long as （第七题答案为D）something was changed, productivity rose. An awareness （第八题答案为A）that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough （第九题答案为C）to alter workers' behaviour by （第十题答案为D）itself.
命题专家改写了下面的句子（The data from the illumination experiments had never been rigorously analysed and were believed lost. But Steven Levitt and John List, two economists at the University of Chicago, discovered that the data had survived the decades in two archives in Milwaukee and Boston,） and decided to subject （第十一题答案为C）them to econometric analysis. TheHawthorneexperiments had another surprise in store for them. Contrary to （第十二题答案为A）the descriptions in the literature, they found no systematic evidence （第十三题答案为A）that levels of productivity in the factory rose whenever changes in lighting were implemented.
It turns out that idiosyncrasies in the way the experiments were conducted may have led to misleading （第十四题答案为D）interpretations of what happened. For example（第十五题答案为B）， lighting was always changed on a Sunday, when the plant was closed. When it reopened on Monday, output duly rose （第十六题答案为A）compared with Saturday, the last working day before the change, and continued （第十七题答案为D）to rise for the next couple of days. But （第十八题答案）a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays. Workers tended to（第十九题答案） beaver away（题目中换成了较简单的be diligent） for the first few days of the working week in any case, before hitting （第二十题答案为D）a plateau and then slackening off.
以下原文的两段没有选，我在这里列出，仅供大家参考：
Another of the original observations was that output fell when the trials ceased, suggesting that the act of experimentation caused increased productivity. But experimentation stopped in the summer, and it turns out from the records of production after the experiments that output tended to fall in the summer anyway. Perhaps workers were just hot.
There is a suggestion in the data that productivity was more responsive to changes in artificial than naturallight. This could be interpreted as a subtler version of theHawthorneeffect, if you believe that workers were aware that changes in artificiallightwere induced by the experimenters, whereas naturallightwas changing on its own. But even this evidence is weak. For something so influential and intuitively appealing, it turns out that theHawthorneeffectis remarkably hard to pin down.
2010考研英语完型填空的题源分析及标准答案的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧
一，重视单词。
从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天，考试大纲词汇就应不离手，因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础，所以考生一定要重视。背单词时，可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子，然后跟同桌的研友们对话，或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”，同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动，把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出，这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。
二，日积月累。
作为一门语言，充满了繁琐与细节的，想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的，必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的，如果你一天安排3个小时学英语，那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间，最大限度地降低遗忘率，以获得较好的学习效果。
三，研读真题。
历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径，也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境，先用一周的时间做一套真题，做完后，对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的，错在哪里，能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型，也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题，还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题，建议考生放20天左右的时间，重新再做真题，分析自己的做题思路，考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外，希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做，做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。
四，增加课外阅读。
课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位，对提高成绩有很大作用，建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志，阅读上面的文章，也会有不少收获。如果有条件，看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书，有的话坚持看，肯定会有收获的！
希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助，另外，大家在学习英语学习方法时，要从自身实际出发，选择真正适合自己的复习方法。 | 
