《06新新英语系列英语阅读108篇》Text61
Publishing,a print based business that to some people is beginning to represent the past,is attempting to adapt to the new digital world.Marc Aronson,a senior children's book editor and a longtime student of the impact of changing technology on publishing,describes this impact as a kind of blurring or hybridization.“The keynote of the digital age is overlap,multiplicity,synergy.The digital,doesn't replace print,it subsumes it,” Aronson said.“Print becomes a form of the digital,just as the digital has a special place when it appears in print.” Especially in books for young people,he notes,more authors and artists are trying books with multiple story lines or told from various points of view.
One strain of this new type of nonlinear writing is popularly known as hypertext fiction.At its simplest,hypertext fiction mimics the Choose Your Own Adventure books that became popular in the early 1980s.In these books,readers directed the story by choosing which page to turn to at key points based on what they wanted the character to do.In hypertext fiction,the reader explores different branches of a story on a computer by clicking on hyperlinks in the text.The result is a fragmented,slightly surreal narrative in which time is not linear and there is no obvious conclusion.
Michael Joyce,a professor of English at Vassar,is a leading theoretician and author of hypertext fiction.He wrote what is widely considered the first major work of hypertext fiction,Afternoon,a story,which consists of more than 500 different screens,or pages,which are connected by more than 900 links.Joyce defines hypertext fiction as “stories that change each time you read them.” He notes that “interactive narrative does not necessarily mean multiple plot lines,but can also mean exploring the multiple thematic lines or contours of a story.”
Not surprisingly,hypertext has frequently come under attack from traditional critics.Perhaps the most powerfully simple critique,however,comes from Charles Platt,a contributing editor for Wired magazine and a prominent sci-fi writer and critic.“Could it be,” wonders Platt,“that storytelling really doesn't work very well if the user can interfere with it?” People really want the author,scriptwriter,or actors to do the heavy lifting of narrative,he argues.On the other hand,Platt suspects that we have hardly begun to explore true interactive media and that it will be utterly different from fiction as we know it today.
1.According to Marc Aronson,the digital technology
[A]is used side by side with print.[B]has replaced the role of print.
[C]serves as an assistance to print.[D]includes the functions of print.
2.According to the passage there is a tendency that
[A]publishing,a print-based business,is beginning to lose its appeal to readers.
[B]more authors and artists are trying new writing techniques to satisfy young readers.
[C]hypertext fictions are well recognized by readers and critics.
[D]the digital technology promotes the proliferation of surreal detective stories.
3.All the following are the characteristics of hyper fiction EXCEPT that
[A]it is written in a nonlinear fashion.
[B]it does not always have a conclusion.
[C]it must be read on a computer.
[D]it gives readers fragmented story.
4.Michael Joyce is remembered because he
[A]is a famous theoretician of hypertext fiction.
[B]gives an accurate definition of hypertext fiction.
[C]is the author of the first major hypertext story.
[D]created a hypertext story connected by more than 900 links.
5.In Charles Platt's opinion,
[A]the so-called hypertext fiction is in fact nothing great.
[B]no good stories can be made without the use of hypertext.
[C]current hypertext has not fully utilized the new medium.
[D]traditional ways of storytelling are better than hypertext.
试题详解
答案解析
1.D细节题。Marc Aronson关于数字技术与传统印刷的关系可在第一段中找到。他说：The digital,doesn't replace print,it subsumes it…Print becomes a form of the digital,just as the digital has a special place when it appears in print…从中可以看出，他认为数字技术已包含了传统印刷，传统印刷已成为数字技术的一种形式，它们之间不是替代的关系。因此D是正确的。
2.B细节题。第一段最后，作者提到在新技术的冲击下，文学和艺术创作中的一个新现象：越来越多的作家和艺术家在创作中试着使用多条故事线索，或者从崭新的角度来讲述他们的故事（Especially in books for young people,he notes,more authors and artists are trying books with multiple story lines or told from various points of view），以满足年轻读者的需求。
3.D细节题。文章第二段详细解释了超文本的特点，据此可知正确答案为D。有关D的原文是：“The result is a fragmented,slightly surreal narrative in which time is not linear…”。这里所说的fragmented实际上是指故事或小说形式是非线性的，看上去零零碎碎。但并不是指其内容是破碎的。
4.C细节题。由第三段Michael Joyce的特殊之处在于他写了第一篇具有超文本特征的小说，这是具有历史意义的。当然他对超文本作了定义，也是这方面的理论专家，但是他的主要贡献在于他是第一位这种流派的小说家。
5.C细节题。文章最后一段详尽地表达了Charles Platt对超文本的看法。他对超文本的未来抱有希望，因此A的陈述不符事实。他是超文本的主要反对者，因此B与此事实相悖。D说他认为传统的小说创作方式要比超文本方式好，这点在文章中没有明显的证据。而他认为目前人们还没有充分利用新媒体的功能（…we have hardly begun to explore true interactive media…），这与C相符。
参考译文
以印刷为基础的出版社对于一些人来说正在成为过去，它正在开始适应新的数字世界。高年级学生的读物编辑Marc Aronson，是个长期受出版技术革新影响的人，他把这种影响描述为模糊和杂合，Aronson说：“数据年代的要旨主要是重叠、多样和配合。数据没有代替印刷，而是包容了印刷。”印刷成为了数字的一种形式，因为当数字出现在印刷中时就有了特殊的地位。“他强调，尤其在青年读物中，越来越多的作者和编辑尝试着写出多条线索的故事或是从崭新的角度来讲述故事。
这新型的非线性写法被广泛地称为”超文本小说“。简而言之，超文本小说有点模仿20世纪80年代流行的”选择你自己的冒险“的书。在这种书中，读者可以根据自己希望人物如何发展来选择相关的一页。在超文本小说中，读者只要在电脑上点击文本的超级链接，就可以探求一个故事的不同分支了。这种做法的结果往往是不完整而有点离奇的叙述，叙述的时间不是线性的，也没有明显的结局。
瓦萨的英语教授万克尔·乔依斯是超文本小说的主要理论家和作者。他写了被广泛认为是第一部的超文本小说《下午》，这个故事由500多个不同的屏幕（或页码）组成，由900多个相关联的情节连接。乔依斯把超文本小说定义为”每次阅读都是不同的故事“。他强调：”互动的叙述并不一定是多种情节的故事，但它同样可以是一个故事的多个主题情节。“
超文本小说已经遭到传统评论家的抨击，这不足为奇。也许最简明有力的抨击当属Wired杂志的编辑兼着名的科幻小说作家和评论家Charles Platt了。”如果读者可以决定故事发展的话，讲故事的人还能发挥什么作用吗？“Platt对此表示怀疑。他认为人们实际上希望由作者、编剧或演员来完成叙述这个繁重的工作。他还怀疑我们根本就没有探索过真正的互动媒体，那将和我们现在所看的小说完全不同。
《06新新英语系列英语阅读108篇》Text61的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧
一，重视单词。
从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天，考试大纲词汇就应不离手，因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础，所以考生一定要重视。背单词时，可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子，然后跟同桌的研友们对话，或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”，同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动，把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出，这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。
二，日积月累。
作为一门语言，充满了繁琐与细节的，想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的，必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的，如果你一天安排3个小时学英语，那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间，最大限度地降低遗忘率，以获得较好的学习效果。
三，研读真题。
历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径，也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境，先用一周的时间做一套真题，做完后，对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的，错在哪里，能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型，也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题，还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题，建议考生放20天左右的时间，重新再做真题，分析自己的做题思路，考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外，希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做，做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。
四，增加课外阅读。
课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位，对提高成绩有很大作用，建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志，阅读上面的文章，也会有不少收获。如果有条件，看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书，有的话坚持看，肯定会有收获的！
希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助，另外，大家在学习英语学习方法时，要从自身实际出发，选择真正适合自己的复习方法。 | 
