2012年考研英语全真模拟试题及答案(一)—3

2012年考研英语全真模拟试题及答案(一)—3

　　The domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the year as a whole， consumer and business sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions. The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover， the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition， the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Finally， of course， the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines. The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless， by any other test， the deficit remained very large， and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade account to a sizable deficit， almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing， there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Japanese component of our trade deficit， however， the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance. The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead—and indeed for the longer run—remained a familiar one： to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth， and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve our competitive posture internationally， the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large， however， the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy's larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided. （449 words）

　　Notes： inventory 存货。East-West tensions 东西方紧张局势。fiscal （与国库的钱有关的）财务的（常指税收）。liquidity 周转率，清偿力。leeway 余地。given 鉴于，由于。the Phase Three program 第三阶段计划。

　　26. The author mentions increased installment debt in the first paragraph in order to show

　　[A]the continuing expansion of the economy.

　　[B]the growth of consumer purchasing power.

　　[C]the consumers'confidence in the economy.

　　[D]the soaring consumer incomes for spending.

　　27. Paragraph 2 mainly deals with

　　[A]the revival of stronger liquidity positions.

　　[B]the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies.

　　[C]the causes of business development for the period.

　　[D]economic policy measures suggested by the President.

　　28. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the author's attitude toward the reduction of the international payments deficit seems

　　[A]bitter-sweet.

　　[B]optimistic.

　　[C]sympathetic

　　[D]depressing.

　　29. Part of the public policy task， as outlined in the text， is to

　　[A]prevent payments deficit.

　　[B]avoid inflationary pressures.

　　[C]devalue the dollar.

　　[D]increase the balance of trade.

　　30. It can be learned from the last paragraph that the Phase Three program contained

　　[A]reduced government spending.

　　[B]devaluation of the dollar.

　　[C]productivity measures.

　　[D]wage and price controls.

2012年考研英语全真模拟试题及答案(一)—3的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧

　一，重视单词。
　　从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天，考试大纲词汇就应不离手，因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础，所以考生一定要重视。背单词时，可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子，然后跟同桌的研友们对话，或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”，同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动，把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出，这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。

　　二，日积月累。
　　作为一门语言，充满了繁琐与细节的，想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的，必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的，如果你一天安排3个小时学英语，那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间，最大限度地降低遗忘率，以获得较好的学习效果。

　　三，研读真题。
　　历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径，也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境，先用一周的时间做一套真题，做完后，对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的，错在哪里，能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型，也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题，还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题，建议考生放20天左右的时间，重新再做真题，分析自己的做题思路，考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外，希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做，做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。

　　四，增加课外阅读。
　　课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位，对提高成绩有很大作用，建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志，阅读上面的文章，也会有不少收获。如果有条件，看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书，有的话坚持看，肯定会有收获的！

　　 希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助，另外，大家在学习英语学习方法时，要从自身实际出发，选择真正适合自己的复习方法。