2012年考研英语全真模拟试题及答案(一)—2
Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （40 points）
Text1
We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down， and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us， that is， scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable， either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century， the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles， responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex， and yet， scarcely twenty years ago， these were thought to be “beyond dispute”。
We can safely say， with a few minor exceptions， that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to the 1960s. The role distinction， raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model， lasted throughout this period， appealing for its justification to nature， religion and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took care of the home. The man set out to conquer the world and was responsible for the survival of his family， by satisfying their needs in peacetime and going to war when necessary. The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time-honored order of things. It was felt to be against nature， a deviation from the norm. Sex roles were determined according to the “place”appropriate to each. Women's place was， first and foremost， in the home. The outside world， i.e. workshops， factories and business firms， belonged to men. This sex-based division of the world （private and public） gave rise to a strict dichotomy between the attitudes， which conferred on each its special identity. The woman， sequestered at home， “cared， nurtured and conserved”。 To do this， she had no need to be daring， ambitious， tough or competitive. The man， on the other hand， competing with his fellow men， was caught up every day in the struggle for survival， and hence developed those characteristics which were thought natural in a man. Today， many women go out to work， and their reasons for doing so have changed considerably. Besides the traditional financial incentives， we find ambition and personal fulfillment motivating those in the most favorable circumstances， and the wish to have a social life and to get out of their domestic isolation influencing others. Above all， for all women， work is invariably connected with the desire for independence. （454 words）
Notes： pin down 把…讲明确；确定。immutable不可改变的。dualism双重论。divergence分歧，偏离。overlapping部分巧合、一致。time-honored 由来已久的。dichotomy 一分为二，对立。sequester使隔离。be caught up in 被缠住于，如：He is caught up in the trivia （琐事） of everyday things. unduly过度地，不恰当地。
21. It is only in recent years that we have recognized that
[A]there is almost no clue to the identity of both sexes.
[B]the role distinction between different sexes is conspicuous.
[C]the different definitions of sexes bears on the development of culture.
[D]the progress of civilization greatly influences the role definitions of sexes.
22. From paragraph 1 we can infer that it is now possible for women to embark on a career because
[A]the change in sex roles is out of the question.
[B]women's lib has been going on for many years.
[C]ideas about the roles of women have been changing.
[D]the expansion of sciences scarcely remolds the women's roles.
23. The author believes that sex discrimination in the West before the 1960s was
[A]preferable.
[B]prevalent.
[C]presumable.
[D]precedent.
24. According to the fourth paragraph， the author seems to think that
[A]female passivity is natural.
[B]men and women are physically identical.
[C]men are born competitive and aggressive.
[D]some different sex identity is acquired.
25. According to the author， which of the following is the most important reason for women to go to work？
[A]Wish to claim their rights and freedom.
[B]Ambition and self-fulfillment.
[C]Financial incentives.
[D]Desire for a social life.
2012年考研英语全真模拟试题及答案(一)—2的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧
一，重视单词。
从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天，考试大纲词汇就应不离手，因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础，所以考生一定要重视。背单词时，可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子，然后跟同桌的研友们对话，或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”，同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动，把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出，这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。
二，日积月累。
作为一门语言，充满了繁琐与细节的，想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的，必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的，如果你一天安排3个小时学英语，那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间，最大限度地降低遗忘率，以获得较好的学习效果。
三，研读真题。
历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径，也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境，先用一周的时间做一套真题，做完后，对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的，错在哪里，能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型，也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题，还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题，建议考生放20天左右的时间，重新再做真题，分析自己的做题思路，考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外，希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做，做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。
四，增加课外阅读。
课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位，对提高成绩有很大作用，建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志，阅读上面的文章，也会有不少收获。如果有条件，看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书，有的话坚持看，肯定会有收获的！
希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助，另外，大家在学习英语学习方法时，要从自身实际出发，选择真正适合自己的复习方法。 | 
