2012年考研英语语法精练及解析—2
11. You _______ such a long essay; our teacher only asked for 200 words, and you have written 300!
A. mustn't have written
B. couldn't have written
C. needn't have written
D. might not as well have written
12. _______ for aches, pains and fever, aspirin is now the subject of multiple investigations of its role in treating many more serious complaints.
A. Long used
B. Being used long
C. Having been long used
D. It has long been used
13. In no country _______ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.
A. better than
B. more than
C. other than
D. rather than
14. We hope the measures to control prices, _______ are taken by the government, will succeed.
A. when
B. as
C. since
D. after
15. “What do you suggest I write about, then, to stand a chance next year?” “It isn't so much _______ you write as the way you write it.”
A. what…that
B. what…which
C. what…how
D. which…that
16. Suppose there were a flood or an earthquake and the people could not be reached by trains or trucks. _______ packages of food could be dropped from planes, the people might starve.
A. Until
B. Before
C. Unless
D. If only
17. Mary has long had the desire _______ a famous writer even though the study of writing would require years of sacrifice on her part.
A. for becoming
B. to become
C. of becoming
D. becoming
18. This is so difficult a problem that the scientist is known to _______ on it for about ten years, but hasn't found a solution yet.
A.have worked
B. have been working
C.be working
D. work on
19. A majority _______ collectively may be regarded as a being whose opinions and, most frequently, whose interests are opposed to those of another being, which is styled a minority.
A. taking
B. takes
C. take
D. taken
20. I would have passed the college entrance examinations _______ I missed some of the questions and gave the wrong answers.
A. but
B. because
C. as
D. in that
试题答案及解析：
11. Cneedn't have done sth.表示做了不必做的事，此句意为：“你真不必写这么长的文章，老师告诉我们只写200个词，可你写了300个词。”
12. AB、C选项之所以错，主要是由于long的位置不对，应为：B. Being long used…；C Having long been used…句子前半部分是状语，故D也不对。由此可见A是惟一正确的选择。
13. Cother than 的意思相当于except，常用在否定词之后，如nobody other than…，nothing other than等。本句中与no在一起连用，意为“只有在英国……”。it has been said是插入语。
14. Bas是关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句， 其先行词是measures，相当于…as the measures which are taken by the government…，其他几个词都是连词，不能引导定语从句。
15. A句中的第一个空白处需要一个引导名词性从句的关系代词，在从句中做write 的宾语；第二个空白处要填一个修饰way的定语从句的关系代词，因此只能选A。注意： 先行词是way, 引导定语从句的关系代词一定不能用how, 可以用in which, 可以用that, 也可以省略不用。
16. Cunless“除非”，从主从句的逻辑关系上看是惟一正确选择。句意：“假如发生了水灾或地震，且火车、汽车又无法通至灾区，除非用飞机空投，否则那里的人们就会饿死。”
17. Bto become在句中做desire的定语，意为“成为一个着名作家的愿望”，其他结构一般不做desire的定语。
18. B不定式to have been working…做主语scientist的补足语，用完成进行式表示：“这个科学家已对如此复杂的问题研究了大约十年，并且还要继续研究下去。”
19. Dtaken在句中做后置定语，修饰majority, 由于与所修饰的词是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，a majority which is taken collectively可以理解为“（把）大多数人作为一个整体”。
20. A句中but表示转折，后面陈述的是事实情况：“……看错了问题所以没答对”。暗指“若不是看错了题，就会答对而且通过考试”。因此句子前半部分用的是虚拟语气would have passed。
2012年考研英语语法精练及解析—2的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧
一，重视单词。
从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天，考试大纲词汇就应不离手，因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础，所以考生一定要重视。背单词时，可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子，然后跟同桌的研友们对话，或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”，同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动，把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出，这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。
二，日积月累。
作为一门语言，充满了繁琐与细节的，想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的，必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的，如果你一天安排3个小时学英语，那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间，最大限度地降低遗忘率，以获得较好的学习效果。
三，研读真题。
历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径，也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境，先用一周的时间做一套真题，做完后，对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的，错在哪里，能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型，也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题，还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题，建议考生放20天左右的时间，重新再做真题，分析自己的做题思路，考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外，希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做，做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。
四，增加课外阅读。
课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位，对提高成绩有很大作用，建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志，阅读上面的文章，也会有不少收获。如果有条件，看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书，有的话坚持看，肯定会有收获的！
希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助，另外，大家在学习英语学习方法时，要从自身实际出发，选择真正适合自己的复习方法。 | 
