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2012年考研英语完型填空精练及答案—1

2012-3-4 15:14| 发布者: as2113711| 查看: 120| 评论: 0

摘要: 2012年考研英语完型填空精练及答案—1  一、美陪审团制度  As former colonists of Great Britain,the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a ...

2012年考研英语完型填空精练及答案—1


  一、美陪审团制度

  As former colonists of Great Britain,the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“common law”,or law made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature. The jury,a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case,is an__4__ part of our common-law system. Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States.__6__the centuries,many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__,as many countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after“__10__”,or discussions among a group of people,the jury's decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people from different backgrounds,who must as a group decide what is right. Juries are used in both civil cases,which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens,and criminal cases,which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors,consisting of __16__ numbers,are called for each case requiring a jury. The judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states,__19__jurors are questioned by the judge;in others,they are questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.

  1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather

  2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority

  3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock

  4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D] integrated

  5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing

  6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over

  7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as

  8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart

  9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While

  10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C] reflections [D] speculations

  11.[A] outline [B] outcome [C] input [D] intake

  12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities

  13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private

  14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying

  15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned

  16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed

  17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned

  18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides

  19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective [D] prospective

  20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units

  答案:1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.C 8.B 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. C 13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B

  总体分析本文介绍了美国的陪审团制度。第一段指出,陪审团是美国共同法系统的基本组成部分。第二段分析了使用陪审团的原因。第三和四段分别介绍了陪审团的类型和选举程序。

  全文翻译:美国的建国之父们作为大英帝国的前殖民者沿袭了其法律系统。我们有“共同法”,即由法庭而非君主或其他像立法机关这样的中央政府权利机关制定的法律。陪审团由一群选来裁决案件的普通公民组成,是我们共同法系统基本的组成部分。

  使用陪审团裁决案件是美国法律系统的一个显着特征。在世界上很少有其他国家和美国一样使用陪审团。几个世纪以来,许多人已经相信在大多数情况下陪审团比许多国家那样单独使用一位法官达成的结果更公平、公正。因为陪审团裁决案件是在一群人“审议”或讨论后,因此他们的决定可能受到不同背景的不同人的影响,这些人必须作为一个团体来决定什么是正确的。

  陪审团既被用在裁决普通公民之间纠纷的民事案件中,也用在裁决政府提出讼诉声称个人犯罪的刑事案件中。陪审团成员从美国公民中选出并被传唤。由固定人数组成的陪审团在每一个需要陪审团的案件中都会被召唤。

  被指派负责案件的法官监督陪审团成员的选举。在一些州,未来的陪审团成员由法官询问,而在另一些州,他们遵照州法律规定的法规接受代表各方当事人的律师的询问。

2012年考研英语完型填空精练及答案—1的延伸阅读——复习英语要讲究技巧

 一,重视单词。
  从第一天开始复习到考试的前一天,考试大纲词汇就应不离手,因为这是一切的基础。考试大纲是命题专家出题的依据、基础,所以考生一定要重视。背单词时,可以总结同义词、一词多义以及包含“高级”短语的句子,然后跟同桌的研友们对话,或者“厚颜无耻”地主动向他们“炫耀”,同时也坚持参加英语辩论活动,把自己最新积累的词句一一“亮”出,这样考生会感觉记得特别牢固。

  二,日积月累。
  作为一门语言,充满了繁琐与细节的,想一口吃成大胖子是不太现实的,必须耐心地积累“量变”以求“质变”。学习英语的时间安排也是有规律可循的,如果你一天安排3个小时学英语,那么与其一鼓作气学3个小时倒不如改成上下午各1.5小时。持续学习、及时复习才能收到较为理想的效果。可以参照着名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”来合理安排时间,最大限度地降低遗忘率,以获得较好的学习效果。

  三,研读真题。
  历年考研英语全真试题是了解考研水平的最快途径,也是熟悉命题规律的唯一途径。所以要在老师的指导下分阶段复习考研英语真题。找一个安静的环境,先用一周的时间做一套真题,做完后,对自己的错题先看一下怎么错的,错在哪里,能不能解决。剩下的时间要分析题型,也就是看这些题目是属于细节题、推理题,还是主旨大意题……当复习完十年的真题,建议考生放20天左右的时间,重新再做真题,分析自己的做题思路,考前一个月适当做些高质量的模拟题练练手。另外,希望考生真题至少看三遍。第一遍先做,做完之后归纳总结错题的原因。第二遍主要精读文章解决单词句子翻译。第三遍前两遍的内容都要看。

  四,增加课外阅读。
  课外阅读在考研英语复习中占有重要地位,对提高成绩有很大作用,建议大家订一份《英语世界》杂志,阅读上面的文章,也会有不少收获。如果有条件,看看自己学校图书馆是否有这本书,有的话坚持看,肯定会有收获的!

   希望以上的介绍对2013的考研同学有所帮助,另外,大家在学习英语学习方法时,要从自身实际出发,选择真正适合自己的复习方法。 


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