新东方新概念英语第四册课堂笔记：第20课

Lesson 20 Man, the Unknown 人类—神秘的巨人 

In the organization of industrial life the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants offices and apartments that please them. This caused the construc tion of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. Civilized men like

such a way of living. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling,they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. The modern city consists of monstrous edifices and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes,coal dust, and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxi-cabs, lorries and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds. Obviously, it has no been planned for the good of its inhabitants.

New words and expressions 生词短语

physiological a. 生理的

neglect vt. 忽视

consideration n. 考虑

descendent n. 子孙，后代

existence n. 生存

with no regard for 不关心

skyscraper n. 摩天大楼

gigantic a. 巨大的

luxury n. 豪华

monstrous a. 畸形的

petrol fumes 汽油味

edifice n. 大厦

ceaselessly ad. 不停地

mental a. 精神的

expand vi. 扩张

effect n. 影响

mode n. 方式

impose vt. 强加

deprive vt. 剥夺

tenant n. 租户

civilize vi. 使文明

dwelling n. 住所

edifice n. 大厦

monstrous a. 畸形的

petrol fumes 汽油味

1.physiological a. 生理的

physics/physical+ biology/biological

motel 汽车旅馆 motor+ hotel

smog 烟雾 smoke+ fog

biochemisty 生化 biology+ chemistr

anthrax 炭疽热

2.mental a. 精神的

mental work 脑力劳动

mental worker 脑力劳动者

physical/manual work 体力劳动

mental ground 思想境界

mental outlook 精神面貌

mental/natural age 心理/真实年龄

mental patient 精神病人

mental hospital 精神病院

mentality n. 智力

3.neglect vt. 忽视

[辨异]neglect, ignore

She is neglected at the party. 宴会上人们都

没有注意到她。（客观）

She is ignored at the party. 宴会上人们都不

理她。（主观，人们明明看见她了可是都故

意不理她。）

4.expand vi. 扩张

expansion n. 扩充，开展，膨胀，扩张物，

辽阔，浩瀚

consideration n. 考虑

take all into consideration 把一切都考虑在

内

My father/dad doesn’t give the consideration

to me.

我父亲根本就考虑不到我。

5.effect n. 影响

[辨异]effect, influence, impact

effect (直观的，可以目睹的)影响

influence （潜移默化的，看不见的）影响

impact （突然的，瞬时的）影响

6.descendent n. 子孙，后代

descend v. 下去

ascend v. 上升

ancestor n. 祖先，祖宗