新东方新概念英语第四册课堂笔记：第19课 Lesson 19 English Social Differences 英国社会的差异 A gentleman is, rather than does. He is interested in nothing in a professional way. He is allowed to cultivate hobbies, even eccentricities, but must not practise a vocation. He must know how to ride and shoot and cast a fly. He should have relatives in the army and navy and at least one connection in the diplomatic service. But there are weaknesses in the English gentleman's ability to rule us today. He usually knows nothing of political economy and less about how foreign countries are governed. He does not respect learning and prefers 'sport '.The problem set for society is not the virtues of the type so much as its adequacy for its function, and here grave difficulties arise. He refuses to consider sufficiently the wants of the customer, who must buy, not the thing he desires but the thing the English gentleman wants to sell. He attends anadequately to technological development. Disbelieving in the necessity of large-scale production in the modern world, he is passionately devoted to excessive secrecy, both in finance and method of production. He has an incurable and widespread nepotism in appointment, discounting ability and relying upon a mystic entity called 'character,' which means, in a gentleman's mouth, the qualities he traditionally possesses himself. His lack of imagination and the narrowness of his social loyal ties have ranged against him one of the fundamental estates of the realm. He is incapable of that imaginative realism which admits that this is a new world to which he must adjust himself and his institutions, that every privilege he formely took as of right he can now attain only by offering proof that it is directly relevant to social welfare. New words and expressions 生词短语 professional n. 职业的 hobby n. 业余爱好 cast a fly 垂钓 govern vt. 治理 grave a. 严重的 inadequately ad. 不充分地 devoted a. 热心的 incurable a. 不可救药的 discount vt. 看轻 entity n. 存在，本质 quality n. 品质 realm n. 王国 privilege n. 特权 cultivate vt. 培养 eccentricity n. 怪癖 diplomatic service 外交部门 adequacy n. 适当 sufficiently ad. 充分地 disbelieve vt. 不相信 excessive a. 过分的 neotism n. 裙带关系 mystic a. 神秘的 narrowness n. 狭隘 estate n. 社会阶层 realism n. 现实主义adjust vt. 使适应 relevant a. 有关的difference n. 差异 1.professional n. 职业的 通常略写为 prof [反]amateur [辨异]profession, occupation, job profession “专业”，强调 highly skilled/highly educated, such as lawyer, doctor, IT engineer, architect occupation: normal and general, everybody can have an occupation. job 不仅指工作，还可以表示干活，例如家务活。 You did a good job. [注意]technical/vocational school 职业学校 2.cultivate vt. 培养 [同]nurture, develop, foster cultivate a hobby/habit He is well cultivated/educated/bred/trained. 他很有教养。 3.hobby n. 业余爱好 |
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新东方新概念英语
