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2015年6月大学英语四级阅读真题练习(4)

2015-5-29 16:23| 发布者: ayawei| 查看: 131| 评论: 0

摘要: 2015年6月大学英语四级阅读真题练习(4)  In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major cha ...
2015年6月大学英语四级阅读真题练习(4)

  In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress—it

  only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.

  By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!” If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.

  But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many—like the death of a loved one—are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.

  The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.

  21. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us ________.

  A) the way you handle major events may cause stress

  B) what should be done to avoid stress

  C) what kind of event would cause stress

  D) how to cope with sudden changes in life

  22. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to ________.

  A) widespread concern over its harmful effects

  B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause

  C) an intensive research into stress-related illnesses

  D) popular avoidance of stressful jobs

  23. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.

  A) how much pressure you are under

  B) how positive events can change your life

  C) how stressful a major event can be

  D) how you can deal with life-changing events

  24. Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?

  A) No one can stay on the same job for long.

  B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.

  C) People have to get married someday.

  D) You could be missing opportunities as well.

  25. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ____.

  A) nervous when faced with difficulties

  B) physically and mentally strained

  C) more capable of coping with adversity

  D) indifferent toward what happens to them

  21. C 22. A 23. A 24.D 25.C

2015年6月大学英语四级阅读真题练习(4)的延伸阅读——备考2015年6月英语四级听力三大战略。

  2015年6月英语四级考试即将拉开帷幕,最后阶段掌握听力技巧必不可少。有时听力失分问题却并不出在听力本身,在听力之外也有很多细节会影响听力部分的得分,比如以下三点。

  第一,注意单词的正确拼写。

  改革前的复合式听写题目要求听写的三个句子虽长,但句中会出现很多考生较为熟悉、拼写非常简单的词。而且,即使考生不能将句子中的所有单词拼写正确,阅卷老师也可能会酌情给分。但改革后的单词及短语听写则对单词的正确拼写提出了更高的要求,考生必须将每个单词都拼写正确才能得分。不仅如此,考生还必须用所听到的录音原文中的单词或短语填空,而不可以替换成与之意思相同或相近的单词或短语。所以,改革后的试题要求考生平时更加注意单词和短语的拼写,尤其是一些容易拼写错的单词,如environment、government (两个词中的“n”常被考生遗漏)、embarrass (考生常漏写其中的一个“r”和“s”)等。为了掌握更多的词汇,考生在平时练习时每次做完听力题之后,要好好地阅读录音原文。除了确保所填的单词及短语都拼写正确外,考生还应该看看原文中是否还有自己不会拼写的单词,有的话可以摘抄下来并加以记忆,以防下次考试会考到。

  第二,注重语法知识的积累。

  考生在考试时因心情紧张或耳机接收效果不好等原因,很可能会听不到单词的尾音(如词尾的“-s”“-ed”“-ly”或“-ing”等),结果在填写答案时少写一两个字母。为避免这样的失误,考生在听写结束后一定要将全文通读一遍,根据语法知识判断所填的单词或短语的词性及形式是否正确。如果空格处填入的是名词,考生要判断应填入名词的单数形式还是复数形式;如果空格处可填入形容词和副词,考生要根据语法知识判断最终哪个词性合适;如果填入的是动词,考生要根据时态、语态、人称、数以及前后搭配来确定动词的形式。以样题第32题为例,根据语法知识,考生可以确定此空格处应填入一个副词,用于修饰空格前面的动词use.由此,考生即使没有听清录音中说的是appropriate还是appropriately,也能根据语法知识判断出此处应填入appropriately.又如,样题中的第27、29、33和34题需填入的动词或动词性短语直接出现在介词后,或出现在介词后用“and”连接的两个动名词短语中,此时考生应判断出空格处填入的动词要使用“-ing”形式。短语部分考查动词性短语的概率比较高,因此考生需加强动词短语方面的学习和记忆。

  第三,掌握单词的标准发音。

  考生在平时背单词时一定要注意学习单词的标准发音。有些考生英语基础还算不错,但每次听力部分的得分总是不高,原因就是他们的发音不标准。试想,如果考生的发音不标准,又怎么能听懂听力材料中播放的标准发音呢?所以,要想在听力部分得高分,考生必须要掌握单词的标准发音。考生平时在完成听力练习后,可对照着原文再多听几遍录音并进行跟读。这样不仅可以帮助考生纠正发音,还可以培养考生的语感。

  综上所述,要考好听力,拼写、语法和发音样样都要注意,听力不只是考验你的耳朵,祝大家考试顺利!


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