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【叨叨】据说穿名牌应聘更容易成功?

2015-4-29 11:06| 发布者: ayawei| 查看: 88| 评论: 0

摘要: 【叨叨】据说穿名牌应聘更容易成功?  Imagine this: You're interviewing two people for a job. They'reequally competent, capable, and qualified—but you can see thatone is wearing an outfit from HM and ...
【叨叨】据说穿名牌应聘更容易成功?

  Imagine this: You're interviewing two people for a job. They'reequally competent, capable, and qualified—but you can see thatone is wearing an outfit from H&M and the other's clothes areclearly from Louis Vuitton. Which candidate will you hire?

  想象一下,你正在面试两个能力、资历相当且都非常适合这项工作的人,但是一个人穿着H&M的服装,另一个穿了路易·威登(Louis Vuitton)的服装。你会雇佣哪一个呢?

  A new study in the Journal of Business Research suggests you're more likely to choose the latter.Surveying students at a large urban university in Seoul, South Korea, researchers from YonseiUniversity and Coastal Carolina University examined how we react to others depending on thebrands they're wearing. To do so, they tested several scenarios of someone wearing a luxurybrand logo, a logo from a non-luxury brand, or no logo. They found that in nearly every situation,people gave preferential treatment to the person wearing the luxury logo.

  《商业研究杂志》(The Journal of Business Research)近期一项新研究表明,你更可能会选择后者。来自韩国延世大学(Yonsei University)和卡罗莱纳海岸大学(Coastal Carolina University)的研究者们,对韩国首尔市区大学学生进行了“我们对他人所穿着的不同品牌服装有何不同反应”的调查。为了做这项研究,他们测试了几种方案,观察人们对着名牌、着普通品牌和着无牌服饰的人的反应。他们发现几乎在所有情况下,人们都会对穿着名牌服饰的人给予特殊照顾。

  

  The researchers call this effect an example of costly signaling theory, which says that people showoff to “signal” to others that they can afford to do so. In the case of luxury brands, the theorypredicts that people wear expensive clothing to flaunt that they can afford it, thereby increasingtheir status in the eyes of others.

  研究者把这种效应称作高成本信号理论(costly signaling theory),也就是说人们通过炫耀自己的外表将“自己有钱这样做”的信号传递给他人。在名牌的影响下,这个理论预测人们穿着昂贵的服饰是为了炫耀自己买得起奢侈品,从而能够提高他们在别人眼中的地位。

  In the study's first scenario, 180 observers were shown a picture of a woman wearing a white poloshirt and asked to rate her wealth, status, attractiveness, trustworthiness, and othercharacteristics. Three versions of the picture were used, identical except for the shirt's visible brandlogo (luxury, non-luxury, or none). The observers of the luxury logo rated the woman significantlyhigher on wealth and status than did the observers of the non-luxury logo or no logo.

  在第一种方案中,180名观察者的面前放了一张一位女士穿着白色POLO衫的照片,根据图片,他们要评价其财富程度、社会地位、吸引力、可信度和其他品质。总共使用了三个版本的照片,除了T恤衫上的品牌商标(奢侈品、普通品牌、无牌)不同之外,其他均相同。调查结果显示,观察者认为穿着奢侈品牌服饰的她在财富程度和社会地位上明显高于着另外两种服饰的她。

  

  In the second scenario, 150 observers watched a video of a woman being interviewed for aninternship. Three versions of the video were used, again identical except for the logo on thewoman's shirt. The observers rated the woman on a number of characteristics, but this time theyalso judged her suitability for the job and the pay she should receive. Observers of the luxury logorated the woman most suitable for the job, again with significantly higher status and wealth ratings.The luxury observers also thought she deserved the highest compensation. Asked to choose herhourly pay from five ranges, over half of luxury observers chose one of the top two ranges—fargreater than the 12% of non-luxury observers and 10% of no-logo observers who did the same.

  第二个方案中,有150个人观看了一位女士应聘实习岗位的视频。同样有三种版本,同样是除T恤衫商标不同之外其他均相同。这次,观察者要对她的个人品质进行排序,还要判断她是否适合这项工作和她应得的薪资。观察者再一次认为着奢侈品牌服饰的她更适合这项工作,且社会地位和财富值更高。他们还认为她应得到最高的薪资待遇。之后,他们在5个范围内选择她的时薪,超过一半的奢侈品观察者选择了最高的两种时薪,而普通品牌观察者选择最高时薪的只有12%, 无牌观察者只有10%做出了同样的选择。

  But this doesn't necessarily mean you should rush out and splurge on Gucci shoes before yournext job interview. The researchers caution that several additional factors are at work.

  但这并不意味着在下次面试前冲到商场随意挥霍,买一双Gucci的鞋子。研究人员提到说还有其他的因素在起作用。

  For one, the observer must recognize the brand logo without assistance. If the wearer has to pointout what she's wearing, the effect is destroyed. And, of course, the observer must know the brandto recognize it in the first place.

  第一,观察者必须在没有提示的情况下认出此品牌。如果穿戴者自己指出穿的是什么,这个效应就不成立了。当然,观察者一定要知道这个品牌才会在第一时间认出来。

  

  For another, how someone wears the brand matters. The researchers say that a gaudy outfit willprobably backfire with wealthy observers. Wealthy people tend to value subtlety in showing one'ssocial standing, viewing “loud” displays of clothing as being in bad taste. Cheaper designer itemscater to the opposite impulse, often featuring large logos that allow their purchasers toconspicuously show off the brand.

  另外,如何穿才最重要。研究人员说,本身很富有的观察者若看到俗丽的服装效果反而会适得其反。有钱人更喜欢他人用微妙的方式来炫耀社会地位,而浮夸的服装则被视作低级趣味不能入眼。这时,廉价设计师的服装正好迎合相反的品味,衣服经常带有大大的品牌标志以便让其购买者大肆炫耀自己的品牌。

  The hiring process is known to be fraught with biases—now it seems we can add fashion to the listtoo.

  应聘是一个含有偏见与歧视的过程,现在我们可以将时尚纳入其中了。

  重点解析 Key Phrases/Words

  1. candidate n. 报考者,申请求职者

  2. preferential adj. 优先的,优先选择的

  3. flaunt v. 炫耀,轻蔑,蔑视

  4. splurge v. 乱花(钱),糟蹋(钱),挥霍

  5. gaudy adj. 花哨的,俗气的,华而不实的

  6. conspicuously adv. 显著地,超群地

  7. be fraught with 充满,充满…的

【叨叨】据说穿名牌应聘更容易成功?的延伸阅读——备考2015年6月英语四级听力三大战略。

  2015年6月英语四级考试即将拉开帷幕,最后阶段掌握听力技巧必不可少。有时听力失分问题却并不出在听力本身,在听力之外也有很多细节会影响听力部分的得分,比如以下三点。

  第一,注意单词的正确拼写。

  改革前的复合式听写题目要求听写的三个句子虽长,但句中会出现很多考生较为熟悉、拼写非常简单的词。而且,即使考生不能将句子中的所有单词拼写正确,阅卷老师也可能会酌情给分。但改革后的单词及短语听写则对单词的正确拼写提出了更高的要求,考生必须将每个单词都拼写正确才能得分。不仅如此,考生还必须用所听到的录音原文中的单词或短语填空,而不可以替换成与之意思相同或相近的单词或短语。所以,改革后的试题要求考生平时更加注意单词和短语的拼写,尤其是一些容易拼写错的单词,如environment、government (两个词中的“n”常被考生遗漏)、embarrass (考生常漏写其中的一个“r”和“s”)等。为了掌握更多的词汇,考生在平时练习时每次做完听力题之后,要好好地阅读录音原文。除了确保所填的单词及短语都拼写正确外,考生还应该看看原文中是否还有自己不会拼写的单词,有的话可以摘抄下来并加以记忆,以防下次考试会考到。

  第二,注重语法知识的积累。

  考生在考试时因心情紧张或耳机接收效果不好等原因,很可能会听不到单词的尾音(如词尾的“-s”“-ed”“-ly”或“-ing”等),结果在填写答案时少写一两个字母。为避免这样的失误,考生在听写结束后一定要将全文通读一遍,根据语法知识判断所填的单词或短语的词性及形式是否正确。如果空格处填入的是名词,考生要判断应填入名词的单数形式还是复数形式;如果空格处可填入形容词和副词,考生要根据语法知识判断最终哪个词性合适;如果填入的是动词,考生要根据时态、语态、人称、数以及前后搭配来确定动词的形式。以样题第32题为例,根据语法知识,考生可以确定此空格处应填入一个副词,用于修饰空格前面的动词use.由此,考生即使没有听清录音中说的是appropriate还是appropriately,也能根据语法知识判断出此处应填入appropriately.又如,样题中的第27、29、33和34题需填入的动词或动词性短语直接出现在介词后,或出现在介词后用“and”连接的两个动名词短语中,此时考生应判断出空格处填入的动词要使用“-ing”形式。短语部分考查动词性短语的概率比较高,因此考生需加强动词短语方面的学习和记忆。

  第三,掌握单词的标准发音。

  考生在平时背单词时一定要注意学习单词的标准发音。有些考生英语基础还算不错,但每次听力部分的得分总是不高,原因就是他们的发音不标准。试想,如果考生的发音不标准,又怎么能听懂听力材料中播放的标准发音呢?所以,要想在听力部分得高分,考生必须要掌握单词的标准发音。考生平时在完成听力练习后,可对照着原文再多听几遍录音并进行跟读。这样不仅可以帮助考生纠正发音,还可以培养考生的语感。

  综上所述,要考好听力,拼写、语法和发音样样都要注意,听力不只是考验你的耳朵,祝大家考试顺利!


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