2013考研英语(一)真题Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part B
Part B Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000. Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity. (42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction. Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact. Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords“environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____ When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful. The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate. The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems. [A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs. [B] However, the numbers are still small: in 2010,about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords. [C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies. [D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones. [E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy. [F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development . [G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.
2013考研英语(一)真题Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part B的延伸阅读— —2014考研十一黄金周备考“黄金课表”
一场秋雨一场凉，天气在秋雨中变得更像秋天了。夏日的酷暑已经消失，严冬还未到来，阴雨过后，秋高气爽，正是读书好时节。也许这几天校园里多了几分活跃，大家都在准备十一黄金周的出游、玩乐，而你作为一名考研人，是否还有那份兴致呢。其实十一黄金周是一个短小精悍的自由时光，加之前阵子新大纲刚刚发布，正是调整思路的关键时期。为了帮助广大考生最大限度的提高十一学习效率，特为大家制作了这份“黄金课程表”帮助大家安排假期时间。 十一，普国同庆，热闹非凡!但，热闹是他们的。 反观我们考研人，这7天，是否甚至可以说“成也7天，败也7天”呢?为何如此说： 1、9.13新大纲刚刚发布，正好利用这几天静下心来好好调整思路; 2、别人出游你备考，相当于比别人多了一周的复习时间; 3、这段时间不用为抢座占座发愁，不为学习环境发愁，全身心备考; 4、目前正是网报的高峰期，新东方在线全国研究生入学考试中心在此提醒各位考研的小伙伴儿们，“网报有风险，选校须谨慎”。 为了帮助广大考生最大限度的提高十一学习效率，我们为大家制作了这份“黄金课程表”帮助大家安排假期时间。 假期前五天： 上午 6：30—7：30 起床，吃完早饭，进入学习状态 7：30—8：20 背诵英语考研阅读真题材料、写作范文或者其他英语材料 8： 30—9：30 背诵政治马哲原理、形势政策或最后押题30道 9： 40—12: 20 重点攻克数学知识点或做数学模拟题(不考数学的将数学时间用于专业课的一科) 下午 12：30—13：30 午餐、午休 13：30—16：00 做英语阅读或英语专题，以精读为主，复习后期侧重英语作文 16：00—18：00 做数学或专业课 18：00—18：40 吃晚饭，休息或与同学交流 晚上 18：50—19：30 背诵政治或英语单词(以理解为主，不刻意记忆);晚餐19：40—22：30 重点攻克数学或专业课(可以按照科目或日期单双数调 整) 22：40—23：00 洗漱、上网 23：30 睡前回顾白天复习的内容(躺下默默回忆)，遇到遗忘的第二天早上及时温习记忆 当然，小伙伴儿的考研备考方法如同八仙过海，各有奇招，这份课表是就大多数考研学子的备考情况准备的，大家可以根据自己的复习情况具体调整，一切皆以高效学习为目的。 假期第六天： 第六天为总结日，可以将前五天的学习结果进行简单的总结，尤其是针对各个网络强化课程、大纲增补课程、真题精讲课程的学习，可以在前期复习的基础上进行收尾、整理。通过总结整理前期复习，对十一过后的学习做出一份精准的安排。 假期第七天： 考研伤神伤闹，劳逸结合最重要，抓住假期的最后一天，三五研友，可以一起出行游玩，缓解备考压力，收拾心情，为假期后的学习做好充分准备。 |
